Software description

Installation is a one-time process. Simply download the software from http /Avww.wiley. com/coUege/koretsky. If the setup process does not start automatically, double-click Setup. exe. Once the setup process has started, follow the on-screen instructions. This process needs to be completed only for the first-time installation. Once the software has been installed, you may consult the Documentation program for more detailed documentation, including screenshots and descriptions of the numerical methods used to solve these problems. 

Click Start, Programs, ThermoSolver, and cfick the ThermoSolver program icon to begin. The Thermodynamics Menu will appear. From here, eight programs are available 

The thermodynamic properties of more than 300 species are available from here. Choose a species from the drop-down list at the top of the screen the list is sorted by reduced chemical formula, so Ethanol will be found under C2H60. Use the scrollbar at the side of the drop-down list to choose a species quickly. 

The Species Database provides all of the thermodynamic data used by the rest of the software. Thus, if a species is not available elsewhere in ThermoSolver, there are two causes Either the given species does not have all of the fields filled in that are required for the calculation, or the species is not in the database. Edits can be made to the database. The program wiU ask if the changes are to be saved when the Species Database is closed. 

Once a species is chosen, the thermodynamic properties are displayed. Choose one of the three tabs to view General Properties, Energy Properties, or Heat Capacity Properties. If a field is blank, it is not provided for the given species. 

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Adequate support from the facility staff is absolutely essential. The facility staff must help the analysis team gather pertinent documents (e.g., PSilDs, procedures, software descriptions, material inventories, meteorological data, population data) and must describe current operating and maintenance practices. The facility staff must then critique the logic model(s) and calculation(s) to ensure that the assumptions are correct and that the results seem reasonable. The facility staff should also be involved in developing any recommendations to reduce risk so they will fully understand the rationale behind all proposed improvements and can help ensure that the proposed improvements are feasible. Table 12 summarizes the types of facility resources and personnel needed for a typical QRA. 

Our students and colleagues have found it useful to examine the software descriptions and examples before choosing projects in their fields of interest. We suggest that the reader also begin by examining Appendices A. B, and C to learn the capabilities of Athena s solvers. 

Software (i) a software description records and identifies which software is currently in use for a system and (w) software life documentation helps ensure the operational integrity of the software. 

Definition of the system user requirements, system requirements, and software description Organization and responsibilities of the validation team (usually the end user, and the information technology and quality assurance members)... 

An additional association between Description and Property classes (called references) is added to allow Property objects belonging to one Description object to reference other Description objects. Such reference might be necessary, e. g., when there are several Descriptions of scanning hardware and we want to reference from some scanning software Description which hardware is compatible with this software. A Property belongs to one Description,but it can reference other Descriptions. Thus, Description and Property class objects can encode complex structures, if needed. 

Confirm that hardware and software descriptions are available. 

This is the method used by the commercial software packages Crystal Ball and RISK . The method is ideally suited to computers as the description of the method will reveal. Suppose we are trying to combine two independent variables, say gross reservoir thickness and net-to-gross ratio (the ratio of the net sand thickness to the gross thickness of the reservoir section) which need to be multiplied to produce a net sand thickness. We have described the two variables as follows ... 

H.-G. Rohbeck, Representation of stmcture description arranged linearly, in Software Development in Chemistry 5, J. Gmehling (Ed.), Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1991, pp. 49-58. 

The Universal Modeling Language is used to describe a software system [4, 5], Several kinds of diagrams exist to model the diverse properties of the system. Thus a description of the system can be developed that enables the systematic and uniform documentation of the system. The class diagram, for example, represents the classes and their relationships. But also interacting diagrams exist, to describe the dynamic behavior of the system and its objects. 

There is some ambiguity about Mulliken population analysis in the literature. This is because various software packages print different portions of the analysis and may name them slightly differently. The description here follows some of the more common conventions. 

The most hands on description of doing these calculations is in the software manuals, such as... 

The assessment of the contribution of a product to the fire severity and the resulting hazard to people and property combines appropriate product flammabihty data, descriptions of the building and occupants, and computer software that includes the dynamics and chemistry of fires. This type of assessment offers benefits not available from stand-alone test methods quantitative appraisal of the incremental impact on fire safety of changes in a product appraisal of the use of a given material in a number of products and appraisal of the differing impacts of a product in different buildings and occupancies. One method, HAZARD I (11), has been used to determine that several commonly used fire-retardant—polymer systems reduced the overall fire hazard compared to similar nonfire retarded formulations (12). 

Representation. Erom a software viewpoint, knowledge-based technology provides ways to represent knowledge and reason with it. The knowledge to be represented includes facts, descriptions, relationships, and problem-solving knowledge. 

In this section several free air dispersion software products that can be downloaded from the Web are cited. First, SCREEN can be downloaded from the Butterworth-Heinemann site www.bh.com/companions/0750674997. You can obtain a brief description of the software along with the download, but must mainly rely on the chapter discussions to learn how to use and apply the program. 

The handbook additionally provides an extensive overview and comparison of commercially available computer systems and software for chemical emergency planning. This section provides technical guidance for hazard analysis and identification implementing regulatory requirements and descriptions of computer applications and systems applicable under SARA Title III. 

OD -T alpha-lies, control, fault-tree description, failure data AND OR NOT K-of- N Bottom-up modularization and decompo-dtion of fault tree into t>est modular nepresentation Top event probability, time dependence, c s, r rCLs, and Linceitainty Option of not generating minimal cut >ets forquali ing fault ree IBM 360/370 Fortran IV, Available j from Software < enter... 

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