Sodium equivalent

FIGURE 56-1. Algorithm for the management of generalized convulsive status epilepticus. (CBC, complete blood cell count EEG, electroencephalogram HR, heart rate PE, phenytoin sodium equivalents PR, per rectum RR, respiratory rate.)... 

The dose of fosphenytoin sodium is expressed as phenytoin sodium equivalents (PE). 

A pediatric patient was presented to the emergency room (ER) experiencing seizures for which 150-mg Cerebyx (fosphenytoin anticonvulsant) IV was ordered. The pharmacy technician took the call for Cerebyx and delivered three 10-mL vials of Cerebyx 50-mg PE (phenytoin sodium equivalents) per mL to the ER as a floor stock transaction. A nurse misread the 50-mg PE/mL on the 10-mL container label, making the assumption that the entire vial contained 50 mg PE. The contents of all three vials were prepared for administration. Instead of 150 mg PE, the patient was administered ten times the intended dose, or 1,500 mg PE. The patient later died. The ER staff only discovered the error after the patient s blood phenytoin levels were returned from the laboratory. 

FOSPHENYTOIN The dose, concentration in dosing solutions and infusion rate of IV fosphenytoin is expressed as phenytoin sodium equivalents (PE) to avoid the need to perform molecular weight-based adjustments when coverting between fosphenytoin and phenytoin sodium doses. Prescribe and dipense fosphenytoin in PEs. Fosphenytoin has important differences in administration from those for parenteral phenytoin sodium. 

Powder, lyophilized 1.046 g ertapenem sodium (equivalent to 1 g ertapenem) Rx)... 

Gelcaps (Aleve) 220 mg naproxen sodium (equivalent to 200 mg naproxen). 

Tablets 220 mg naproxen (Aleve), 250 mg (Naprosyn), 275 mg naproxen sodium (equivalent to 250 mg naproxen) (Anaprox), 550 mg naproxen sodium (equivalent to 500 mg naproxen) (Aflaxen, Anaprox DS). 

Tablets (Controlled-Release) 375 mg naproxen (EC-Naprosyn), 421 mg naproxen (Naprelan), 500 mg naproxen (EC-Naprosyn), 550 mgnaproxen sodium (equivalent to 500 mg naproxen) (Naprelan). 

E. J. Bailey, D. H. R. Barton, J. Elks and J. F. Templeton, /. Chem. Soc., 1962,1578 and refs, cited therein. Alternatively potassium t-pentoxide or their sodium equivalents. A trace of water was found to be advantageous though presumably a discrete enol/enolate is still present... 

The sodium content of antacids varies greatly a daily dose of some products may contain sodium equivalent to more than 1 g of salt. This may not be clear from the labeling or the name of the formulation. However, the amount can be sufficient to precipitate heart failure in predisposed individuals (8). 

As in many other areas, the non-ionic media are less noxious in this respect this has been shown in animal studies (SEDA-16, 530) and in a nnmber of chnical cases in which extravasation of large volnmes of iopami-dol responded to palliative measnres and had no lasting ill-effects (275). Among the ionic media, the methylgln-camine media seem to have more local toxicity than their sodium equivalents. 

Kraft pulping is carried with a solution of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulphide, the solution being known as white liquor. In the terminology used by the pulp and paper industry, the chemicals are calculated as sodium equivalents and expressed as weight of NaOH or Na20. Sodium sulphide is hydrolysed largely to a mixture of sodium hydroxide and sodium hydrosulphide ... 

Table III. Mean Plasma and Bile Radioactivity (pg/ml of l4C-sem-duramicin sodium equivalents) in Poultry (3 sex/time point) Given ad libitum Access to Feed Medicated at 25 ppm for 7 Days...

The sodium in a series of cement samples was determined by flame emission spectroscopy. The flame photometer was calibrated with a series of NaCl standards that contained sodium equivalent to 0,20.0,40,0,60.0, and 80.0 pg Na20 per ml,. The instrument readings R for these solutions were 3.1.2I 5.40,9. 57.1. and 77..3. 

Na,0 we should call the sodium equivalent of alkalis total content, thus Na.O + 0.658K.O... 

The alkali limiting criterion, for example 0.6% Na O in cement, is linked with the aim to reduce the concentration of sodium and potassium ions in the concrete pore solutiou Simultaneously, these ions cause a substantial decrease of Ca(OH)2 concentration in the capillary solution. Some doubts arouse as the calculation of alkali content in the form of sodium equivalent is concerned hence it is known that the potassimn silicate gel reveals lower expansion that the sodium silicate. 

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