Sodium compounds percarbonate

There are international transport regulations controlling the transport of sodium percarbonate, which assigned it to Class 5.1, oxidizing substances, however, no such compound has ever been commercialized, and sodium carbonate peroxohydrate is treated as nonhazardous. The origin of this item is not known. 

In 1993, the world capacity for sodium peroxoborate hexahydrate (tetrahydrate) was about 900,000 metric tons, of which about one-third was converted to the dehydrated compound (monohydrate). At the then prevailing prices, the total value of this business was about 6 x 10 . The world capacity for sodium carbonate peroxohydrate (percarbonate) was about 60,000 metric tons, valued at about 70 x 10 . ... 

Mixing sodium percarbonate with acetic anhydride led to explosive shattering of the flask [1], undoubtedly caused by the formation of acetyl peroxide. The name sodium percarbonate has been used indiscriminately to describe 3 different compounds, all of which would react with acetic anhydride to give extremely explosive acetyl peroxide [2], These are sodium monoperoxycarbonate, NaOCO.OONa, [4452-58-8] sodium peroxydicarbonate, NaOCO.OOCO.ONa, [3313-92-6] and sodium carbonate sesqui hydrogen peroxidate, Na0C0.0Na.l,5H202, [15630-89-4],... 

Percarbonate of sodium, Na2C04. i H20, is similarly prepared by addition of alcohol to a solution of sodium carbonate, to which a solution of hydrogen peroxide has been added. It is a white, extremely unstable compound, possessing, like the other similar salts, great oxidising power. 

On addition of 30 per cent, peroxide to sodium hydroxide or ethoxidc a precipitate of sodium perhydroxide is obtained to which the formula 4 2NaH02. H202 is given. This possesses marked basic properties, and on saturation with carbon dioxide yields the acid percarbonate,5 NaHC04. The same compound is formed when hydrogen peroxide is added to sodyl hydroxide,4 NaO. OH. This latter substance was first prepared by Tafel6 by the action of sodium peroxide upon well-cooled absolute alcohol. 

In contrast with sodium perborate, which is a genuine peroxo compound. Sodium percarbonate is only a perhydrate. It has the composition Na2C03 I.5H2O2. It can be manufactured using dry and wet processes. In a modern dry process, hydrogen peroxide and a sodium carbonate solution are sprayed onto a fluidized bed of sodium percarbonate which is fluidized with warm air. The lines are returned to the process and the oversized particles are ground. 

Sodium percarbonate has now to a great extent replaced sodium perborate. It is an addition compound of hydrogen peroxide and sodium carbonate, INajCOj.SHjO,. A one per cent solution has a pH of 10-5, which is very suitable for bleaching. One pound dissolved in 100 gallons of water w ould give the equivalent of a 0-5 per cent (w/w) solution of hydrogen peroxide. 

Practically all leuco compounds of vat dyes will oxidize on exposure to air but the reaction often takes 30 to 45 minutes to complete. When the goods are in an open state and air has access to every part, atmospheric oxidation does not present much difficulty. When the material is in a dense mass such as a tightly-wound roll or a cheese or cone of yarn, the penetration of air to the innermost portions may be slow and in such cases treatment with an oxidizing agent is of assistance. The goods can be rinsed with cold water and then treated for 10 to 20 minutes at 30° to 40°C (86° to 104°F) in a liquor containing 1 to 2 parts per 1000 of potassium dichromate and 2 5 to 10 parts of 30 per cent acetic acid. More frequently the oxidation is carried out at 40° to 50°C (104° to 122°F) in a solution containing 3 parts of sodium percarbonate or 2 parts of sodium perborate per 1000, followed by a rinse and treatment with dilute acetic acid (6 to 10 parts of 30 per cent acid per 1000) to neutralize the alkali derived from the per-salt. 

Several methods for the epoxidation of a,(3-unsaturated carbonyl compounds have been reported. The use of amino acid derivatives or peptides as chiral ligands for epoxidation continues to be an active area of investigation. The use of silica bound poly-L-leucine, 21, with sodium percarbonate appears to be an excellent route to enantiomerically pure keto... 

Carbonic acid, disodium salt compd. with hydrogen peroxide (2 3) Disodium carbonate, compound with hydrogen peroxide (2 3) Disodium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide (2 3) EINECS 239-707-6 FB Sodium percarbonate Oxyper, Perdox Peroxy sodium carbonate Sodium carbonate peroxide Sodium percarbonate. Bleaching agent for domestic and industrial use, denture cleaner, mild antiseptic. Chemoxal Degussa AG Interox Am. 

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