Soda, Ammonia

The soda-ammonia process occurs in two main stages. First, brine is saturated with ammonia gas and this ammoniacal brine is then treated with carbon dioxide. The equilibrium... 

When heated, sodium hydrogencarbonate readily decomposes evolving carbon dioxide, a reaction which leads to its use as baking powder when the carhon dioxide evolved aerates the dough. In the soda-ammonia process the carbon dioxide evolved is used to supplement the main carbon dioxide supply obtained by heating calcium carbonate ... 

Sodium hydroxide (caustic soda) Ammonia—caustic dust and mist... 

Ammoniak-rest, m. ammonia residue (amidogen, NH2). -rohr, n. ammonia tube or pipe, -salpeter, m. ammonia saltpeter (ammonium nitrate), -salz, n. ammonium salt, -selfe,/. ammonia soap, -soda, /. ammonia soda, Solvay soda, -stickstoff, m. ammonia nitrogen. -verbindung, /, ammonia compound ammonium compound, -verfahren, n. ammonia process, -wasche, /. ammonia scrubbing ammonia recovery plant, -wascher,... 

Ammonia, another well known cleaner, is also used to manufacture fertilizers, nitric acid, sodium carbonate (washing soda), explosives, nylon, and baking soda. Ammonia is produced by combining nitrogen gas (obtained from the air) and hydrogen gas (obtained from natural gas) in a process called the Haber-Bosch process ... 

There are several other.antimonlal tartrates, the-place of potassa being supplied by soda, ammonia, lead, oxide, and Bilvor oxide. A compound similar to tartar emetic may be formed with arsouioue acid—(KO, AsOj, C,H4OJ., - , ... 

It is possible to oxidize all the CH2OH groups to carboxylic groups, if the conditions of reaction are sufficiently severe, when the content of COOH may reach 25%. The product obtained in this way is a polyanhydroglucuronic add, known as carboxycellulose or celluronic acid. When half the CH2OH groups present in the cellulose are oxidized, a product with a 13% COOH content is obtained, soluble in dilute solutions of caustic soda, ammonia and sodium carbonate. Celluronic acid can form esters with nitric acid. The properties of these esters will be discussed later. 

Head of red cabbage, small pot, water, four colorless plastic cups or drinking glasses, toilet bowl cleaner, vinegar, baking soda, ammonia cleanser. 

Fatty Alcohol Ether Sulfates. Probably the most important derivatives of fatty alcohol in the C12-C14 and C12-C16 ranges are the fatty alcohol ether sulfates. They are produced by the sulfation of the fatty alcohol, containing 2-3 moles of ethylene oxide, with sulfur trioxide or chlorosulfonic acid and subsequently neutralized with caustic soda, ammonia, or an alkanolamine. The ether sulfates possess superior properties over the fatty alcohol sulfates. They have unlimited water solubility, are unaffected by water hardness, and possess superior skin compatibility. Accordingly, they are used in liquid shampoos and bath preparations. One characteristic of this material is its ability to increase its viscosity by the addition of an electrolyte such as salt (5). 

Taking this into account, the identity of properties above described in the case of the two tartaric acids and their similar derivatives, exists constantly, with the unchangeable characters which 1 have referred to, whenever these substances are placed in contact with any compound of the class with superjwsable image, such as potash, soda, ammonia, lime, baryta, aniline, alcohol, ethers—in a word, with any compounds whatever which are non-asymmetric, non-hemihedral in form, and without action on polarised light. 

General Chemical Reactions.—PfAashy soda, ammonia, lime, baryta, and magnesia precipitate the alkaloids from solutions of tlieir salts. 

Alumina is precipitated, as hydrate, from its solutions by potash, soda, ammonia, and their carbonates but the precipitate readily dissolves in an excess of the two first. Hydrosulphuret of ammonia, which precipitates none of the previously-described metallic oxides, causes in solutions of alumina a precipitate, which, however, is not a sulphuret, but the hydrate of alumina precipitated by the ammonia of the test. 

Sulfur Acid Chlorine Caustic Soda Ammonia... 

William Cruickshank obtained similar results to those of Nicholson and Carlisle with water and also decomposed solutions of salts. With muriates (chlorides) of soda, ammonia, and magnesia, acid separated at the wire con-... 

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