Slug formulation

Micellar/polymer (MP) chemical enhanced oil recovery systems have demonstrated the greatest potential of all of the recovery systems under study (170) and equivalent oil recovery for mahogany and first-intent petroleum sulfonates has been shown (171). Many somewhat different sulfonate, ie, slug, formulations, slug sizes (pore volumes), and recovery design systems were employed. Most of these field tests were deemed technically successful, but uneconomical based on prevailing oil market prices (172,173). 

A 2% (w/v) sodium chloride solution was used as the connate water in all corefloods. It should be mentioned that it is desirable to incorporate divalent cations, such as Ca++ and Mg++, in the slug formulations as well as in the connate water to simulate an actual reservoir. 

Two main particle-size grades of dibasic calcium phosphate dihydrate are used in the pharmaceutical industry. The milled material is typically used in wet-granulated, roller-compacted or slugged formulations. The unmilled or coarse-grade material is typically used in direct-compression formulations. 

Many of the EOR protocol sequences that have been used to date for low surfactant concentrations use a surfactant slug formulated with some polymer to improve its sweep efficiency [109, 138]. Taking this into account and considering the new polymer and surfactant developments, a future surfactant slug would have to be formulated with the newpolymers and surfactants. Such a slug would provide the sites (some polymer segments)... 

SLUG FORMULATION 10%TRS10-410 47o IBA IN DODECANE SLUG SIZE 57oPV... 

SLUG FORMULATION 7.657oTRSI0-4l0+3.06%IBA INI.57oNoCI SLUG SIZE 57e PV... 

This map has been checked by many researchers, indicating that it is applicable to a wide range of conditions. Also shown in Figure 3.4 are correlations derived by Mishima and Ishii (1984), which used similar basic principles except for the slug-to-churn transition. These authors pointed out that, in view of the practical applications of the separate-fluid model to transient analysis, flow regime criteria based on the superficial velocities of the liquid and gas may not be consistent with the separate-flow model formulation. A direct geometric parameter such as the... 

Process efficiency, in this study, is defined as the tertiary oil recovery per unit volume of the slug injected. This refers to the efficiency of an oil-rich slug. Economic recovery efficiency varies from slug to slug due to variations in the surfactant content. it should be noted that the micellar slugs were formulated with an effort to keep the cost a minimum. 

Formulate efficient micellar slugs for the tertiary recovery of three light oils viz. Bradford crude, Bonnie Glen crude, and Provost crude ... 

Wilson MJ, Grewal PS. Biology, production and formulation of slug-parasitic nematodes. In Grewal PS, Ehlers R-U, Shapiro-Ilan DI, editors. Nematodes as biocontrol agents. Wallingford, UK CAB International 2005. pp. 421-429. 

Dhondt, M.M.M., et al. 2005. The evaluation of the local tolerance of vaginal formulations containing dapivirine using the slug mucosal irritation test and the rabbit vaginal irritation test. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 60 419. 

Uses Pure azinphos-methyl is a white crystalline solid technical azinphos-methyl is a brown waxy solid. Based on toxicity, the USEPA has grouped it under RUP. Azinphos-methyl is a highly persistent, broad-spectrum insecticide. It is used for the control of mites and ticks, and it is poisonous to snails and slugs. It also is used in the control of many insect pests on a wide variety of fruit, vegetable, nut, and held crops, as well as on ornamentals, tobacco, and forest and shade trees. Outside the United States, azinphos-methyl is used in lowland rice production. Azinphos-methyl is available in emulsihable liquid, liquid flowable, ultra-low volume (ULV) liquid, and wettable powder formulations.28,29... 

Traditionally, tablets have been made by granulation, a process that imparts two primary requisites to formulations compactibility and fluidity. Both wet granulation and dry granulation (slugging or roll compaction) are used (Table 1). Regardless of whether tablets are made by direct compression or granulation. 

There are three methods of tablet manufacture designed to confer these essential attributes to a tablet formulation. Wet granulation and direct compression are the most important, with dry granulation (also known as precompression or slugging) used in some circumstances. Fig. 1 shows the processes of wet granulation and direct compression broken down into their constituent stages. 

In this section, several important aspects of microemulsions in relation to enhanced oil recovery will be discussed. It is well recognized that the success of the microemulsion flooding process for improving oil recovery depends on the proper selection of chemicals in formulating the surfactant slug. 

Hydrophilic matrix tablets are manufactured using traditional tablet manufacturing methods of direct compression (DC), wet granulation or dry granulation (roller compaction or slugging) depending on formulation properties or on manufacturer s... 

The UTCHEM model was updated with the ASP hood history (see Figure 13.58). The updated model was then used to optimize or modify the injechon scheme. For example, the chemical formulations were adjusted in January 1997 based on the results from the simulation model, which followed up the ASP hood history, together with the monitoring results of injection and production huids. The surfactant concentration in the ASP slug was changed from the designed 0.3 to 0.35% and NaaCOs from 1.4 to 1.2%. 

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