Slime formation

Biocides are added to the wet end process to prevent slime formation. Introduction of neutral or alkaline sizing instead of acidic papermaking, the closed water circuits, and the increasing proportions of recycled paper have required changes in biocide types in order to control different microbial populations. 

To prevent the problems caused by slime formation, various microbicides (slime-controlling agents) can be used. Of these, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazo-line-3-one (Cl-MIT 1) is the most widely used as a slime-controlling agent, a bactericide, an algicide or a fungicide, for various industrial water systems such as those in cooling-water units or papermills, as it has an excellent microbicidal activity. [2]... 

Bleaching in aqueous systems Control of slime formation Control of odor in sewage treatment and in manufacturing industries Removal of taste in drinking water Chemical synthesis... 

Heukelekian, H. and Crosby, E.S., 1956, Slime formation in polluted waters II. Factors affecting slime growth. J. Sewage Ind. Wastes, 28, 1, 78 - 92. 

Mather and Babel (66) observed that the addition of Leuco-nostoc cremorls to a Cottage cheese creaming mixture inhibited conforms and prevented slime formation by Pseudomonas spp. 

Any surface subjected to water-containing micro-organisms will sooner or later become coated with a layer of bacteria. Deposits that contain a high amount of micro-organisms are referred to as (biological) slime or biofilm, because of their slimy or gel-like character. Slime formation is most obvious in areas where the water flow is insufficient to dislodge the accumulation. The process of biofilm formation is known as biofouling. Biofihns occur in most water systems, and the pulp and paper industry is just one of many industries where this occurs. 

Microbiological deposits may be formed in many different places in the papermaking process. However, the closer to the wet-end the more detrimental the deposits will be for the papermaking process. Mio-obiological deposits may form on submerged surfaces as well as surfaces above the water line of the paper machine. In the latter case it is a requirement for slime formation that a surface is kept moist by splashes or aerosol formation. Examples of such surfaces are the frame of the wire section and the frame of the press section. 

In general, use of eq. (45) can be recommended for bubble column bioreactors. However, one should consider the possibility of slime formation and adherence of biomass particles at the heat transfer area which might reduce considerably heat transfer. 

The working conditions in paper-making favour the growth of many species of micro-organisms in pulp, coating mixes, sizes and other materials used in the industry. Mildew stains on pulp, slime formation in the pulp circulation system and the decomposition of coating mixes are examples of this. 

Yeasts Saccharomyces Torula 0-40 2-8 Cooling towers Slime formation... 

Microbial contamination should be considered if there are complaints of machine or engine power loss or complete failure, signs of corrosion or slime formation in the fuel storage tank or on filters, clogged filters, fuel odor complaints or a reduction in fuel performance. One or more changes in the ASTM fuel quality specifications (i.e. 

Bacterial protective mechanisms slime formation [1,5.1]. Most environmental and industrial systems exhibit wide variations in conditions (pH, temperature, oxygen content, nutrients, toxic chemicals, etc). Often these... 

Several Pseudomonas spp. have been documented in the literature as common contaminants and derivatives of petroleum fluids (aromatic and paraffinic hydrocarbons, kerosene fuels, cutting oil emulsions), as well as, asphalt and asphalt-based coatings. Generally, their presence produces an alteration of fuel quality which leads to slime formation and subsequent blockages of filters and injection systems. In addition, several types of corrosion processes have been demonstrated which primarily involve pitting (Genner and Hill, 1981). Occasionally, the presence of marcescens has been reported in association with... 

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