Size distribution function, disperse morphology

The production of substances with well-defined product properties under consideration of economical and ecological boundary conditions is the objective of many processes. For particulate materials, the product properties depend not only on the chemical composition but also on the dispersity of the material. The dispersity is characterized by the particle size distribution, the particles shape and morphology as well as their interfacial properties. This relation was called property function by Rumpf [1]. The control of the property function is known as product engineering or product design. 

Of critical importance in the development of DPI products is the evaluation, optimization, and control of flow and dispersion (deaggregation) characteristics of the formulation. These typically consist of drug blended with a carrier (e.g., lactose). The properties of these blends are a function of the principal adhesive forces that exist between particles, including van der Waals forces, electrostatic forces, and the surface tension of adsorbed liquid layers [7], These forces are influenced by several fundamental physicochemical properties, including particle density and size distribution, particle morphology (shape, habit, surface texture), and surface composition (including adsorbed moisture) [8]. In addition,... 

It is determined by thermodynamic parameters of the system components and described by phase state diagrams distribution functions of dispersed particles with respect to their number and size (dispersity) component concentrations in corresponding phases chemical nature of continuous and dispersed phases kinetic morphological stability phase inversion interfacial phenomena and etc. 

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