Sinusitis pathophysiology

Benditt DG, Sakaguchi S, Goldstein MA, et al. Sinus node dysfunction, pathophysiology, clinical features, evaluation, and treatment. In Zipes DP, Jalife J, eds. Cardiac electrophysiology from cell to bedside. 2nd ed. Philadelphia WB Saunders, 1995 1215-47. 

The rate of mucociliary clearance can be affected by the pathophysiological condition of the nasal cavity and this will also affect the rate of clearance of administered drag. Such conditions include rhinitis, the common cold, hayfever, sinusitis, asthma, nasal polyposis, Sjogren s and Kartagener s syndromes. In addition, environmental factors such as humidity, temperature and pollution can also affect the rate of nasal clearance. 

Filippidis, A., et al.. Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis review of the demographics, pathophysiology, current diagnosis, and treatment. Neurosurg Focus, 2009. 27(5) p. E3. 

The pathophysiology of CVT is not completely clear. The predominant theory is that venous obstruction results in increased venous pressure, increased intracranial pressure, and increased cerebral blood volume. Increased venous pressure may result in vasogenic edema from breakdown of the blood brain barrier and extravasation of fluid into the extracellular space. Blood may also extravasate into the extracellular space. Decreased perfusion pressure and decreased cerebral blood flow may lead to the failure of the NaVKV ATPase pump and then to cytotoxic edema. Another theory is that higher pressure of thrombosed sinuses... 

One of the most catastrophic accidents occurring after delivery is DIG related to amniotic fluid embolism (AFE). This condition manifests with an acute onset of respiratory failure, circulatory collapse, shock, and thrombohemorrhagic syndrome. In the United States, DIG accounts for about 10% of all maternal deaths. Exaggerated uterine contraction caused by oxytocin, caesarean section, uterine rupture or premature separation of the placenta are risk factors for AFE. Pathophysiology of AFE may be related to lacerations on the membrane from the placenta that provides a portal entry for amniotic fluid into the maternal venous sinuses in the uterus [16]. 

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