Single bond carbon bonds

The term allylic refers to a C=C—C unit The singly bonded carbon is called the allylic carbon, and an allylic substituent is one that is attached to an allylic carbon Conversely doubly bonded carbons are called vinylic carbons, and substituents attached to either one of them are referred to as vinylic substituents... 

The equilibrium bond length between adjacent singly bonded carbon atoms is 0.154 nm or 1.54 A. 

Through these four points we draw a smooth curve, as shown in Fig. 1, which we accept as representing the dependence of carbon-carbon interatomic distance on double-bond character for single bond-double bond resonance. We believe that by a suitable translation and a change of vertical scale (to give the correct end-points) the same function can fee used for bonds between other atoms, and probably also for double bond-triple bond resonance. This use of the curve will be illustrated below. 

Fig. 1.—The empirical function expressing the dependence of carbon-carbon interatomic distance on bond character for single bond-double bond resonance.

The Dependence of Bond Angles on Single Bond-Double Bond Resonance.—In a molecule such as phosgene or 1,1-dichloroethylene the value 125°16 for the angle Cl-C-0 (0) is predicted by the theory of the tetrahedral carbon atom in case that the C-Cl bonds have no double bond character. If the double bond resonates equally among all three positions, giving the Cl-C bond one-third double bond character, we expect from symmetry... 

The determination of values of interatomic distances in molecules has been found to provide much information regarding electronic structure, especially in the case of substances which resonate among two or more valence-bond structures. The interpretation of interatomic distances in terms of the types of bonds involved is made with use of an empirical function formulated originally for single bond-double bond resonance of the carbon-carbon bond.1 There are given in this... 

Fig. 74.—Spatial representation of a simple singly bonded carbon chain.

In dimethyl ether, the oxygen atom is sp3 hybridized. In creating two single bonds, each bond is formed by the overlap of one of its sp3 hybrid orbitals with the sp3 hybrid orbital on the adjacent carbon atom. Each of the remaining two hybrid orbitals on the oxygen atom contain a lone pair of electrons. The resulting molecule is polar. The intermolecular forces found operating between molecules of dimethyl ether are therefore dipole-dipole interactions and London forces. 

Two-dimensional structural diagrams of organic compounds, such as condensed structural diagrams and line structural diagrams, work well for flat molecules. As shown in the table above, however, molecules containing single-bonded carbon atoms are not flat. 

The three-dimensional shape around a single-bonded carbon atom is... 

Diamond is the prototype of all alijihatic compounds. One would expect on its surface free valences which are capable of surface compound formation. The surface compounds on diamond should differ somewhat in character as compared to the surface compounds on aromatic graphite or microcrystalline carbon. Apart from singly bonded carbon atoms on the edges and corners of diamond crystals... 

These names are used in oi anic substitutive nomenclature for situations in which the substituent group is joined to the parent skeleton by a single element-carbon bond. 

Part IV of this article outlines a description of the processes involved in cleavage of a single metal-carbon bond, and puts forward a theory of the influences of electron count, and of configuration interaction, on metal-carbon bond stability. Finally, in Part V, I attempt a critical appraisal of the method adopted and the results obtained. 

CnH2n+2 Methane, CH4 Single bond, carbons are sp hybridized. 

Because of the tetrahedral arrangement of the four bonds around single-bonded carbon atoms and most phosphorus atoms, all six of the bond angles about the central atom have nearly the same tetrahedral angle of 109.5°. 

B. Nucleophilic Displacements on Singly Bonded Carbon Atoms... 

---