Simulations of molding

Chang, C.-Y., 2006. Simulation of mold Ailing in simultaneous resin injection/com-pression molding . Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, 25, 1255-1268. 

Zhang K, Tan H, Wang J and Zhu Y (2005) Numerical simulation of mold filling in resin transfer molding using isoparametric method, J Wuhan Univ Technol 20 98-101,... 

Simulation of Mold Filling in Injection Molding Using a Three-dimensional Finite Volume Approach , Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids, Vol.37, 125-148(2001)... 

Table V illustrates the results obtained by the experimental technique which essentially simulates injection molding while satisfying the time-temperature conditions effective in the fabric laminate work. The large strength increases were reduced to only approximately 10% over the bare glass controls. The conclusion is that the high shear environment of injection molding which yields discontinuous fibers does not allow the same strength increases obtained in earlier experimental work.

To analyze the temperature distribution in any real situation, it is necessary to consider mold filling and solidification simultaneously. An example illustrating temperature distributions at various times along the length of a polymeric layer at the surface of a solid wall is shown in Fig. 4.18. The initial temperature and conversion distributions are not constant but reflect mathematical simulations of various conditions at the mold filling stage. 

The selection of optimum conditions for rotary molding requires extensive experimental investigations of the various processing regimes. Recently, another way has been developed, i.e., simulation of the flow of a liquid system polymerized in a rotary (rotating) mold.178... 

Two-Dimensional Mold Filling Simulation of Non-Planar Parts (2.5D Model)... 

Because mold filling is a complex process, flow visualization studies have been useful and necessary, both for the actual mold design and for the mathematical simulation of the process. The first important experimental contributions were made by Gilmore and Spencer (8,9) whose work forms the basis of a review chapter by Beyer and Spencer (10). Ballman et al. (11-13) conducted mold filling experiments in the early 1960s. A decade later, a time that marks the beginning of serious efforts to solve... 

Fig. 13.10 Filling time versus entrance melt temperature at three constant injection pressures and filling time versus injection pressure at three constant entrance melt temperatures. Mold dimensions are R = 9 cm, H — 0.635 cm. The polymer is unplasticized polyvinyl chloride (PVC) of n = 0.50, m(202°C) = 4 x 104 (N s7m2), A = 6.45 x 10 8, AE = 27.8 (kcal/g mole), p = 1.3 x 103 (kg/m3), Cp — 1.88 x 103 (J/kg K), and k — 9.6 x 10 2 (J/m s K). [Reprinted by permission from R C. Wu, C. F. Huang, and C. G. Gogos, Simulation of the Mold Filling Process, Polym. Eng. Set, 14, 223 (1974).]...

Fig. 13.42 Simulation results of the RIM process involving a linear step polymerization T0 = Tw = 60°C, kf— 0.5L/moles, t(lii = 2.4 s. (a) Conversion contours at the time of fill, (h) Temperature contours at the time of fill. [Reprinted hy permission from J. D. Domine and C. G. Gogos, Computer Simulations of Injection Molding of a Reactive Linear Condensation Polymer, paper presented at the Society of Plastics Engineers, 34th Armu. Tech. Conf, Atlantic City, NJ, 1976. (Also published in the Polym. Eng. Sci., 20, 847-858 (1980) volume honoring Prof. B. Maxwell).]...

C. F. Huang, Numerical Simulations of the Filling Process with a Cup-shaped Mold, M.S. Thesis, Department of Chemical Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hohoken, NJ,... 

J. D. Domine and C. G. Gogos, Compuiter Simulations of Injection Molding of a Reactive Linear Condensation Polymer, SPE ANTEC Tech. Papers, 22, (1976). 

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