Silicon amines

Fluoroepoxy resins have also been developed that when cured with silicone amines or fluoroanhydrides show substantial hydrophobicity. As the resin s fluorocarbon content is increased, so is the hydrophobicity. Adhesives made with these compounds showed much... 

The transformation of organoelement compounds into inorganic solids by pyrolysis of these molecules is a new way to obtain ceramic materials. The advantage of this method is that pure compounds can be used. Suitable molecules are boron-silicon-amines, silylcarbodiimides and cyclosilazanes. 

J. R. Griffith and J. G. O Rear, "Silicone Amine Cured Fluoroepoxy Resins," in Resins for Aerospace, C. A. May, Editor, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C. (1980). 

Chlorinated or brominated bisphenol A is used to produce flame-resistant epoxies. As the halogen content increases, the viscosity generally increases. Epoxies have also been synthesized that contain high weight percents of fluorine. They can be used with silicone amines to yield products with very low moisture pickup, 0.25% at 20°C. These materials are extremely stable on high temperature exposure and during outdoor weathering. 

In order to intercalate tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) or aluminumGII) acetylacetonate (AlAc) into CT, the acidified CT was first refluxed with an aqueous solution of n-alkylamine for one day. The product was washed with hot water and dried. The n-alkylamine swollen CT was mixed with an ethanol solution of TEOS or AlAc for three days at room condition. The product was filtered and dried. The product was then mixed with water for one day. Finally, the product was washed and dried. Silicon-amine was used to pillar CT by refluxing acidified CT with an aqueous solution of 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane for one day. The product was filtered, washed with acetone, and dried. In addition, acidified CT was directly mixed with a solution of TEOS or AlAc. These samples were hydrolyzed, filtered, washed, and dried by the same procedure used for pillaring n-alkylamine swollen CT. These samples (H-CT+ TEOS) and (H-CT -t-AlAc) were used for a comparison with silica or alumina pillared CT (Si-CT or Al-CT). 

Aminopropyltrimethoxysilane was used to intercalate acidified T2CT. This sample Si(am)-T2CT-0.47 has a Si Ti molar ratio of 0.47. The basal spacing was increased to 1.90 nm after being swollen by the silicon-amine. The amount of intercalated silicon-amine was approximately equal to the ion exchange capacity of the solid. 

A variety of aminoalkylsilanes and their derivatives have been prepared, 3-amino-n-propylsilanes showing psychotropic properties. The gas phase proton affinities of aminoalkyl silanes have been compared with their isostructural carbon counterparts. All silicon amines are more basic as expected, except Bu Mc2SiNMe2. This is explained by an n-n interaction leading to stabilization... 

Higher chlorides, Si2Cle to Si6Cl,4 (highly branched - some cyclic) are formed from SiCU plus Si or a silicide or by amine catalysed disproportionations of Si2Cl,5, etc. Partial hydrolysis gives oxide chlorides, e.g. CUSiOSiCla. SiCU is used for preparation of silicones. 

In sorn e situation s, using this option m ay he im portan t. For exam -pic, if p orbitals on electronegative atoms irileracL with d orbitals, (as for a silicon atom bonded to an amine group), you may want to include d orbitals. 

Unlike carbon, the silicon atom may utilise vacant orbitals to expand its valence beyond four, to five or six, forming additional bonds with electron donors. This is shown by isolated amine complexes. The stabiUty of the organosHane amine complexes varies over a wide range and depends on the nature of the donor and acceptor (2). 

Synthesis of Silicone Monomers and Intermediates. Another important reaction for the formation of Si—C bonds, in addition to the direct process and the Grignard reaction, is hydrosdylation (eq. 3), which is used for the formation of monomers for producing a wide range of organomodified sihcones and for cross-linking sihcone polymers (8,52—58). Formation of ether and ester bonds at sihcon is important for the manufacture of curable sihcone materials. Alcoholysis of the Si—Cl bond (eq. 4) is a method for forming silyl ethers. HCl removal is typically accomphshed by the addition of tertiary amines or by using NaOR in place of R OH to form NaCl. 

The partially alkoxylated chlorotitanates, (RO) TiCl, can be prepared in high purity by reaction of TiCl with an organosilane ester, Si(OR)4 (see Silicon compounds). The degree of esterification of the titanium can be controlled by the amount of silane ester used. When is 3 or 4, the addition of the appropriate alcohol and an amine receptor is required (5). 

The chemistry and stereochemistry of aminoboranes containing the siLicon—nitrogen—boron linkage have been the subject of numerous studies. Many of these compounds are useful precursors to other B—N systems including diboryl-amines (45) and B—H substituted aminoboranes (46). A series of... 

The assay of ethyleneamines is usually done by gas chromatography. Compared to packed columns, in which severe tailing is often encountered due to the high polarity of the ethyleneamines, capillary columns provide better component separation and quantification. Typically, amines can be analyzed using fused siUca capillary columns with dimethyl silicones, substituted dimethyl silicones or PEG Compound 20 M as the stationary phase (150). 

C. Thiete 1,1-dioxide. A sample of 3-chlorothietane l,l-d1ox1de (8.0 g, 0.057 mol) Is dissolved In dry toluene (300 ml) (Note 7) In a 500-mL, twonecked, round-bottomed flask equipped with a reflux condenser, magnetic stirrer, heating mantle (or silicone oil bath), and thermometer. The reaction Is heated to 60° C and tri ethyl amine (28.7 g, 0.28 mol, 39,5 ml) Is added through the condenser. The reaction mixture Is stirred for 4 hr and triethyl-amine hydrochloride is removed by filtration and washed with toluene (100 mL), Toluene is removed on a rotary evaporator and the residue is recrystallized from diethyl ether-ethanol (Note 8) to give a white solid (4.5-4.8 g, 75-81 ) mp 49-50°C (llt mp 52-54°C). 

Formulations for one-shot polyether systems are similar to those used for flexible foams and contain polyether, isocyanate, catalyst, surfactant and water. Trichloroethyl phosphate is also often used as a flame retardant. As with polyesters, diphenylmethane di-isocyanate is usually preferred to TDI because of its lower volatility. Tertiary amines and organo-tin catalysts are used as with the flexible foams but not necessarily in combination. Silicone oil surfactants are again found to be good foam stabilisers. Volatile liquids such as trichlorofluoro-methane have been widely used as supplementary blowing agents and give products of low density and of very low thermal conductivity. 

Although inhibitors are deliberately added to the silicone formulation to control cure rate, unwanted cure inhibition can be caused by other species that react to form strong complexes with the platinum catalyst. Most notable of these undesired inhibitors include organotin and other organometallic compounds, sulfur, polysulfides, polysulfones or other sulfur-containing materials, amines, urethanes or amine-containing materials, unsaturated hydrocarbons in plasticizers, and some solder flux residues. 

Silane coupling agents may contribute hydrophilic properties to the interface, especially when amino functional silanes, such as epoxies and urethane silanes, are used as primers for reactive polymers. The primer may supply much more amine functionality than can possibly react with the resin at the interphase. Those amines that could not react are hydrophilic and, therefore, responsible for the poor water resistance of bonds. An effective way to use hydrophilic silanes is to blend them with hydrophobic silanes such as phenyltrimethoxysilane. Mixed siloxane primers also have an improved thermal stability, which is typical for aromatic silicones [42]. 

Water repellant To impart water-resistant properties, particularly in greases Aliphatic amines, hydroxy fatty acids and some organic silicone polymers... 

Addition, chloroform, to olefins to form 1,1,3 tnchloroalkanes, 46, 106 chlorosulfonyl isocyanate to isobutylene to give 0-isovaleiolactam-N-sulfonyl chloride, 46, SI cyclohexyl amine to silicon tetraiso-cyanate, 46, 69... 

Michael reaction, A1<9) octalone, 45, 82 N Mono- and N,N disubstitdted UREAS AND THIOUREAS 45, 69 N Monosubstituted thioureas from primary amines and silicon tetra-lsothiocyanate, 45, 69 N Monosubstituted ureas from primary amines and silicon tetraisocyan-ate, 46, 69... 

Sampling for the presence of amines in condensate should be taken by drawing the condensate into silicone-coated test tubes. 

Place Arcol Polyol F-3022 (100 g, 0.1 eq., 56 OH, mixed PO/EO triol from Bayer) into a suitable container. To this add distilled water (3.3 g, 0.4125 eq.), Niax Silicone L-620 (0.5 g, a silicone surfactant from OSi Specialties), and Niax C-183 (0.12 g, an amine catalyst from OSi Specialties). Thoroughly blend this mixture without incorporating air bubbles. Then add Dabco T-9 (0.25 g, stannous octoate from Air Products) and mix again. The T-9 must be added last because it is quite water sensitive, so its exposure to the water-containing polyol blend should be kept to a minimum. To this polyol blend, quickly add Mondur TD-80 (42.6 g, 0.4868 eq., a mixture of 80% 2,4-TDI and 20% 2,6-TDI isomers from Bayer) and immediately stir at 3000 rpm for 5 s. Quickly pour the reaction mixture into a suitable container such as a 1-qt paper or plastic cup and allow the foam to free-rise. The stir blade may be wiped or brushed clean. 

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