Silanes epoxy, synthesis

Procter G, Russell AT, Murphy PJ, Tan TS, Mather AN (1988) Epoxy-silanes in organic synthesis. Tetrahedron 44 3953-3973... 

The subsequent explosion of array technologies has been sparked by two key inno-vations. The first is the use of non-porous solid support, such as glass, which has facilitated the miniaturization of the array and the development of fluorescence-hybridization detection (16, 17, 18). The second critical iimovation has been the development of methods for high-density spatial synthesis of oligonucleotides, which allows the analysis of thousands of genes at the same time. Because DNA cannot bind directly to the glass, the surface is first treated with silane to covalently attach reactive amine, aldehyde, or epoxies groups that allow stable attachment of DNA, proteins, and other molecules. 

The most important monomers (> 95 % by weight) for silicone synthesis are the methyl chlorosilanes. Next to them are the phenyl chlorosilanes, methyl phenyl chlor-osilanes, methyltrifluoropropyl chlorosilanes, and a variety of silanes containing organic functional groups such as hydroxyl, amine, epoxy, acrylate and carboxyl which are responsible for the different products. 

The aim of this work was to examine the catalytic activity of rhodium siloxide complexes in the hydrosilylation of allyl glycidyl ether by triethoxysilane and hydro(poly)siloxanes, leading to optimization of procedures for the synthesis of epoxy-functional silanes and siloxanes. 

On the basis of the obtained results, the technologies of synthesis of epoxy-functional silane and (poly)siloxanes have been worked out and will be implemented in the very near future. 

However, the high reactivity of the epoxy unit requires special preparative routes to maintain the function during the stepwise synthesis of the silane molecule. In addition, a systematic study of the silane/surface interaction is necessary to guarantee the availability of the oxirane unit for further reactions. 

TABLE 8.1. Conditions for MNP Synthesis by ion impiantation into Poiyvinyiidene Fiuoride (PVF2), Polyimide (PI), Polymethyl-methacryiate (PMMA), Poiymethyimethacryiate with Phosphorus-Containing Fragments (PMMA -1- PF), Polyethylene (PE), Poly(ethyleneterephthalate) (PET), Silicone Polymer (Phenylmethyl-silane Resin with Tin Diethyidicaprilate), Epoxy Polycarbonate (PC), and Polyetherimide (PEI) ... 

Alkenyl epoxides have been analogously used in the synthesis of bicyclic compounds [69]. Addition of a thiyl radical to a suitably protected epoxyketone enolate generated the oxiranyl carbinyl radical which initiated a cascade of uni-molecular steps (i.e. ring-opening, 1,5-radical translocation, 5-exo cyclization, and ejection of the PhS radical) to produce the final enol product in good yield and high diastereoselectivity (equation (31)). The PhS radical-induced fragmentation of alkenyl epoxy silanes has been found to afford a-trimethylsilyl aldehydes [70]. 

The synthesis, upscaling and storage of the hybrid sol-gel materials can be controlled by applying different spectroscopic (e.g. RAMAN-, IR- and NMR-spectroscopy) and analytical (e.g. SEC, XPS) methods [10]. As shown in Fig. 6.4, the synthesis of such a hybrid nanocomposite coating is controlled by RAMAN spectroscopy. The epoxy-groups linked to the silanes which are contained in the system (band at 1258 cm [10]) are still present after the hydrolysis of the alkoxy silane groups, while... 

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