Signet ring cells

Microwave heat can also be applied for rapid staining of frozen sections. Frozen-section diagnosis plays an important role in the evaluation of the operability of the patient and in the examination of resection margins. The preparation for diagnosis, for example of signet-ring cell carcinoma in the peritoneum, can be accomplished in as brief a time as 30 sec by the modified periodic acid-Schiff s (PAS) reaction facilitated by microwave heating... 

M (CEL colorectal adenoma, adenocarcinoma, and signet ring cell carcinoma)... 

The amount of vanadium found in tunicates also appears to correlate with the pH (more vanadium at lower pH). Individuals belonging to the Phiebobranchia usually also contain tunichromes, whereas Apiousobranchia are devoid of this hydroxy-DOPA-based oligopeptide pigment (see below). The vanadium is present in special blood cells, called vanadocytes, essentially represented by two cell types the signet ring cells and the vacuolated amoebocytes.P 1 They accumulate vanadium from sea water [c(V) >= 30 nm] by a factor of up to 10. ... 

The signet ring cells contain a large vacuole (Figure 4.1, right), and it is this vacuole which contains the vanadium. The pH can be as low as 1.9. By far the most predominant anion is sulfate, present at this pH in about equal amounts of S04 and hydrogensulfate. 

Vanadium(III) in Phlebobranchia ascidians with a high acidity in the signet ring cell vacuoles (e.g. Ascidia gemmata) makes up about 98% of the overall vanadium present in blood cells. The V ratio decreases with increasing pH. According to magnetic... 

The presence of vanadium(III) complexes in the very acidic medium of the vacuoles of the signet ring cells in Ascidia ceratodes, containing one or two sulfato/hydrogensulfato ligands, has focused interest on sulfatovanadium complexes as model systems. " ] Whereas readily forms a 1 1 complex with sulfate K = 300 m ), the affinity of V to sulfate is less pronounced. Selected stability constants and pA a values obtained from... 

Ramnani D, Lindberg G, Gokaslan ST, et al. Signet-ring cell variant of small lymphocytic lymphoma with a prominent sinusoidal pattern. Ann Diagn Pathol. 1999 3 220-226. 

Other Hep Pari-i- tumors signet ring cell carcinoma of stomach, and hepatoid differentiation in carcinomas from other sites (e.g., ovary)... 

Tot T. The role of cytokeratins 20 and 7 and estrogen receptor analysis in separation of metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breast and metastatic signet ring cell carcinoma of the gastrointestinal tract. APMIS. 2000 108 467-472. 

Chu PG, Weiss LM. Immunohistochemical characterization of signet-ring cell carcinomas of the stomach, breast, and colon. Am J Clin Pathol. 2004 121 884-892. 

Carcinoid, not otherwise specified 24 Signet ring cell carcinoma, lung 85... 

CCDFP-15 N Rare (<1%) signet ring cells can be positive 126, 171... 

HepParl S High-grade and signet-ring cells can befocally positive 155, 156... 

FIGURE 14.10 A, Gastric signet-ring cells are relatively inconspicuous within the lamina propria. B, CK20 reveals the numerous neoplastic signet-ring cells, which were not easily seen on hematoxylin and eosin stain. 

FIGURE 14.12 Gastric signet-ring cell carcinoma versus metastatic breast carcinoma. 

Both goblet cell and typical appendiceal carcinoids stain with E-cadherin and beta-catenin, unlike the more aggressive colorectal signet-ring cell carcinomas. 

Goldstein NS, Long A, Kuan SF, Hart J. Colon signet ring cell adenocarcinoma immunohistochemical characterization and comparison with gastric and typical colon adenocarcinomas. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol. 2000 8 183-188. 

Tian MM, Zhao AL, Li ZW, Li JY. Phenotypic classification of gastric signet ring cell carcinoma and its relationship with clini-copathologic parameters and prognosis. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 13 3189-3198. 

---