Short-term maturity

For the period as a whole, the first factor (see Exhibit 24.7) may actually be regarded as a level factor since it affects similarly all zero-coupon rates, except for the portion (1 month-1 year), which moves differently. Displaying the sensitivity of interest rates with respect to the second factor, Exhibit 24.8 shows a decreasing shape, first positive for short-term maturities then negative beyond. Hence, the second factor may be regarded as a rotation factor around a medium maturity between two and four years depending on the country we consider. The third factor (see Exhibit 24.9) has different effects on intermediate maturities as opposed to extreme maturities (short and long). Hence, it may be interpreted as a curvature factor. 

Focusing on the term structure of the optimal portfolios, the portion of longer maturities increases when risk aversion is reduced. The aggressive investor with a 10-year horizon, for example, invests the whole capital in 10-year+ maturities, the averse one only 78% (rows 9 and 10, column 9). According to investment horizon, the 3-year risk averse portfolios consist of 52% short-term maturities in the 1-3-year area (row 3, column 6). The aggressive style, on the other hand, allocates only 26% to this maturity bucket (row 4, column 6). 

Williams, S.N., R.D. Miles, M.D. Ouart, and D.R. Campbell. 1989. Short-term high level zinc feeding and tissue zinc concentration in mature laying hens. Poult. Sci. 68 539-545. 

In order to estimate the flux through the SMM cycle and to explore its function, a computer model of methionine metabolism in mature Arabidopsis rosette leaves was developed based on data from radiotracer experiments and on metabolite contents. This model suggested that the cycle serves to stop accumulation of AdoMet, rather than to prevent depletion of free methionine, as proposed by Mudd and Datko.54 Because plants lack the AdoMet feedbacks on MTHFR and AdoMet synthetase that regulate AdoMet pool size in other eucaryotes, the SMM cycle may be the main mechanism whereby plants achieve short-term control of AdoMet level. MMT knockouts of maize and Arabidopsis recently became available, and these can now be used to further investigate the role of the SMM cycle, and to test the predictions of the model. 

The IL-6/LIF family members are also critical for long-term and short-term survival, but not proliferation of mature oligodendrocytes and their precursors. 

Fig. 64 Distribution and phenotype of adult-generated cells in postischemic monkey DG at short-term andlong-term survival time periods al ter surgery. Note the numerous progenitor cells forming clusters in SGZ at short-term survival some of these cells were preserved at long-term survival. Typical for the early periods after ischemia were neuronal progenitors extending processes parallel to DGL, while atlong-term survival the processes were spanning DGL. The quantity of newly generated cells with a mature neuronal phenotype increased over time...

Short-term studies utilized immature plants and plant parts, not the mature raw agricultural commodities consumed by people. In addition, the extent and nature of metabolism has been documented to progress with time (Gronberg et al, 1971 Hilton et al, 1974 Stanley and Flint, 1974 Schocken et al, 1987). Thus, many metabolism studies have now been conducted to address the nature of residues in these foods. 

Short-term oral exposures to levels of DEHP much higher than those found in the environment interfered with sperm formation in mice and rats. These effects were reversible, but sexual maturity was delayed when the animals were exposed before puberty. Short-term exposures to low levels of DEHP appeared to have no effect on male fertility. 

Schematic representation of the hematopoietic cascade in mice and human (hum). All the cells of the hematopoietic system are positive for antigen CD45. Based on this, the dynamics of surface antigen expression along development of different mature cells derived from the hematopoietic stem cell system can be observed. Rounded arrows indicate self-renewal potential. Smooth thinner arrows indicate directions of cellular differentiation. The identification of CDs (clusters definition) and other antigen cell markers are listed in the glossary. (LT-HSC - long term hematopoietic stem cell ST-HSC - short term hematopoietic stem cell MPP - multipotent progenitor CLP - common lymphoid precursor CMP - common myeloid precursor GMP - granulocyte-monocyte precursor MEP - megacaryocyte-erythrocyte precursor T - T lymphocyte B - B lymphocyte NK - natural killer cell DC - dendritic cell).

Short-Term Modulation - allatotropic and allatostatic - is superimposed on the basal activities of developmentally mature CA. Locust cerebral allatotropin was first demonstrated in vitro in methanolic brain and corpora cardiaca (CC) extracts (14.15) and allatotropin I was later partially purified and characterized (16). Allatotropin I is found in high concentrations in the brain, where it is presumably synthesized, and in corpora cardiaca (CC) to where it is presumably transported and released as required. The exact location of allatotropin synthesis in the brain is still unknown. Ovarian allatostatin rapidly depresses allatotropin-stimulated JH synthesis (17). This allatostatic factor is methanol soluble and... 

In diapausing females of the Savio strain of L. migratoria. the basal activity of the CA is totally inhibited in vivo, as established by the arrest of oocyte development and absence of JH in the hemolymph (27). However, these same glands are immediately activated when they are incubated in vitro (i. e., denervated and removed from their natural milieu), indicating that their maturation has not been retarded. In vivo denervation of the glands (NCA-I transection) in diapausing females elicits elevated JH titer and induces oocyte development, indicating that this short-term inhibition is axonally imposed. 

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