Shampoos efficiency

To evaluate shampoo efficiency, one must consider the different soil types separately and then together and also attempt to distinguish between cleaning soil from hair and depositing ingredients from the shampoo formulation itself. 

Foam regulators such as amine oxides, alkanolamides, and betaines are present in products where high foam value is functionally or estheticaHy desirable, mainly hand-dishwashing Hquids and shampoos. In automatic dishwashing products, on the other hand, copious foam volumes interfere with the efficiency of the mechanical rotors during operation. In this type of product, a foam depressant is often present. 

Although not an indication of cleaning efficiency, the ability of a shampoo to provide a rich, copious lather is one of the first performance evaluations made by a consumer. A formulator should be aware that a consumer is likely to perceive a shampoo s lathering potential to reflect its efficacy. With this stated, there are multiple facts of the lathering attribute to consider, such as the speed with which lather is generated, the volume, the quality (i.e., loose or creamy), and the stability of the lather on the hair. 

If large differences in cleaning efficiency really exist between most shampoos in consumer usage, then other variables such as lather or fragrance... 

Under optimum conditions such as in vivo shampooing, anionic surfactants are nearly as effective as chloroform or ether for removing deposited surface lipid. In most of the tests described in the literature, care was taken to exclude conditioning products, containing cationics and cationic polymers or silicones, setting resins, and hard water to provide more control over the experiments. Obviously these variables must be included before we can arrive at a full understanding and a consensus about the efficiency of anionic shampoos for cleaning hair lipid from the surface of hair. 

Curry and Golding [33] have shown that the rate of extraction of lipid from hair by solvents is very slow, and even after 100 soxhlet cycles with ether (four successive extractions), a signihcant amount of lipid can be obtained by additional extraction. As indicated before, Shaw [17], using SEM techniques, suggests that washing hair with either ether or shampoos in a one-step application removes virtually all the surface lipid from hair and that differences in cleaning efficiencies of surfactants relate to the amounts of internal hair hpid removed. Shaw found that one-step shampooing removes approximately 50% of the ether-extractable matter. 

Lather has nothing to do with cleaning efficiency, but consumers have been taught to expect a good lather whenever they use shampoo. 

Different methods are nsed to assess the natnre of foam. Generally speaking, flash foam volume, maximum volume, size of the foam bubble, drainage efficiency and density are the most widely monitored parameters. Different methods employed in nnderstanding foaming attributes have been published elsewhere. How consumers perceive foam will continue to be a key objective in developing successfnl shampoo formnlations and prodncts that can be marketed locally and globally. 

Though accurate quantitative data on the kinetics of peptide adsorption onto hair are not available, many studies on substantivity suggest that the binding of hair keratin is rapid and efficient. This allows adsorption to take place in quick cosmetic procedures where the time of application and contact is restricted to a few minutes (shampooing, rinse conditioning). Karjala et al. (9,10) found that peptide binding to human hair is rapid... 

Efficient foamer for lotion and paste shampoos. Cost-effective detergent base for pearlescent shampoos, bubble baths, shower gels and cleansers. 

When used as a rug shampoo, MACKADET RS forms a very hard friable powder upon drying for easy vacuuming and removal. It enhances the foam and foam stability while reducing resoiling problems. It is free of soaps and, therefore, essentially odor free. Above all it is very efficient as well as economical. 

Stepan s Alkanolamides are excellent foam boosters, stabilizers and viscosity builders/modifiers for shampoos, hand soaps and bath products. NINOL 30-LL is a liquid lauramide designed specifically for viscosity building and foam enhancement. NINOL 40-CO is derived from whole coconut and contains glycerin for added conditioning properties. NINOL 55-LL is a liquid lauric designed for foam enhancement. NINOL 70-SL and 96-SL are efficient foam boosters. 

Rotary/Zoor machines for use in scrubbing, stripping, scouring, and polishing resihent and hard-surface floors as well as shampooing carpets. A 20-in model is most efficient. 

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