Sensing performance

Control systems for process compressors become an absolute necese whenever deviations from a single operating point occur in the process system. These systems consist of a mechanism that can sense performance and, by making a calculation, adjust the process controls with satisfactory speed, accuracy, and stability. 

Not only did the results of the LES agree much better with the experimental data than those of the RANS simulation, the LB code was also roughly 30 times faster than the FV code in terms of simulation time per grid node per step. To put it in a more practical sense performing this LES on, e.g., 18 processors with the FV code would take 2 months, whereas a simulation as such with LB would take 2 days only. 

Smooth and uniform polymer surface after vacuum plays a key role to ensure good OFRR sensing performance. We have observed in experiments that toluene after vacuum is prone to leave a number of cavities of a few micrometers in diameter on the surface. These cavities will induce additional scattering loss for the WGMs in the OFRR, which greatly degrade the g-factor, and hence the detection limit of the OFRR vapor sensor. Moreover, these small cavities have different adsorption characteristics compared to smooth polymer surface. Vapor molecules may be retained for a longer time at the cavity, which increases the response time and recovery time. Acetone and methanol are found to be better candidates for solvents because they usually leave uniform and smooth surface after vacuum. 

Future perspectives for the electronic nose research field are listed below. They concern both expected sensing and technical sensing and performance. Improvement of sensing performance of the instrument ... 

Wu, C.-H., et al., Unique Pd/graphene nanocomposites constructed using supercritical fluid for superior electrochemical sensing performance. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2012. 22(40) p. 21466-21471. 

The doping-induced effects on the gas sensing performance of nano crystalline tin oxide include, first and foremost, a conductivity decrease in clean air by one to three orders of magnitudes, and, secondly, a shift of the optimal sensor working temperature from higher to lower temperatures. 

A true on-line application of NMR that is widely used in the held and based on this unilateral NMR technology is downhole NMR sensing performed by the gas and oil exploration and production companies such as Schlumberger, Halliburton, Baker Hughes, and Chevron. These tools are typically provided as a... 

Sensing performance for H-,. Sensing performance of the amperometric sensor was examined for the detection of H2 in air. Figure 3 shows the response curve for 2000 ppm H2 in air at room temperature. The response was studied by changing the atmosphere of the sensing electrode from an air flow to the sample gas flow. With air the short circuit current between two electrodes was zero. On contact with the sample gas flow, the current increased rapidly. The 90% response time was about 10 seconds and the stationary current value was 10yUA. When the air flow was resumed, the current returned to zero within about 20 seconds. 

Luo et al. have fabricated a conductive polyurethane/MWNT composite thin film with a selective vapor-induced sensing performance through in-situ dispersion polymerization (120). This kind of thin films yielded higher responsivity to some solvent vapors like benzene, toluene, acetone and chloroform than others such as carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, methanol and formaldehyde. 

Surface relief nanostructures may be used to create LSPs. In contrast to using particles to excite plasmons, surface relief patterns have an advantage of no aggregation and thus offer reliable sensing performance. Much part of the discussion addresses field enhancement in the near-field. Near-field enhancement can lead to amplification of signals produced by bio-molecular interactions near surface. 

For excellent biocompatibUity and wide availability of linker molecules, gold is the most popular material for metallic films and surface-relief nanostructures. Oftentimes, silver provides improved sensing performance, although it is somewhat of less practical importance, because of the reactive and tarnishing nature of silver. Aluminum may also be a possibility to consider. However, its oxidizing tendency makes it difficult to develop stable linker layers for various targets. 

In situ spectroscopy spectroscopic characterization of sensing material under operation conditions or conditions relevant to operation conditions herein, the sensing performance of this material may be not characterized or may be characterized in a separate experiment. 

Ono, T., Hasei, M., Kunimoto, A., and Miura, N. 2004. Improvement of sensing performances of zirconia-based total NO sensor by attachment of oxidation-catalyst electrode. Solid State Ionics 175, 503-506. 

Plashrritsa, V.V., Ueda, T. and Miura, N. (2006) Improvement of NO2 sensing performances by an additional second component to the nano-structured NiO sensirrg electrode of a YSZ-based... 

Li, X. and Kale, G.M. (2006) Influence of thickness of ITO sensing electrode film on sensing performance of planar mixed potential CO sensor. Sens. Actuators B, 120 (1), 150-5. 

Miura, N., Koga, T, Nakatou, M., Elumalai, P. and Hasei, M. (2006) Electrochemical NOx sensors based on stabilized zirconia Comparison of sensing performances of mixed-potential-type and impedancemetric NOx./. Electroceram., 17, 979-86. 

In this chapter, we introduce the fundamentals of ring resonator sensors and provide an overview of this novel technology. Various ring resonator configurations are discussed and their sensing performances are compared. The applications of ring resonators in detection of chemical and biological molecules are also described. 

Adsorption-desorption behavior of oxygen on the SE and oxygen-sensing performance of the SE. Strong oxygen adsorption not always directly correlated to the low catalytic activity for anodic reaction V2 O2 +... 

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