Sendai virus inactivation

The immunostimulating activity of chitosan has also been reported. A 70% DD chitosan showed immunostimulating effects by activating macrophages and natural killer cells in rats when infected with . coli and Sendai virus (Nishimura et al., 1984). Chang et al. (2004) also reported the immune-enhancing effects of chitosan as a novel adjuvant to an inactivated influenza vaccine, and the antibody content in serum remarkably increased the antiviral defenses of mice. 

Figure 1 Procedure of gene transfer by Sendai virus (HVJ)-liposomes. DNA and nuclear proteins are incorporated into liposomes by vortex-ultrasonication-annealing method, and the liposomes are fused with UV-inactivated Sendai virus. The resulting fusigenic viral liposomes can fuse with cell membrane to introduce DNA and nuclear protein complex directly into the cytoplasm. Nuclear protein such as HMG-1 can enhance the expression of foreign DNA in the nucleus.

Cell fusion was mediated by UV inactivated Sendai virus supplied by Dr. Y. Okada (Osaka Univ.). 

Negreanu, Y., Reinhertz, Z., and Kohn, A., 1974, Effects of adsorption of UV-inactivated parainfluenza (Sendai) virus on the incorporation of amino acids in animal host cells, J. Gen. Virol. 22 265. 

By the use of UV-inactivated Sendai virus, Yerganian and Nell (1966) have obtained hybrids between somatic cells of the Armenian and Chinese hamsters (transformed by human adenoviruses, types 18 and 7, respectively). Two days after the exposure of die mixed cell suspension to the virus, 18 hybrid metaphases were recorded. These metaphases contained the expected chromosome complements of die two species but these were markedly out of phase with respect to spiralization or contraction of the chromosomes. This asynchrony was apparently transitory, for a second karyological analysis, performed 7 days after exposure of the cells to the virus, showed no such asynchrony in the hybrid metaphases. 

The induction, by Harris and Watkins (1965), of artificial hetero- and syii-karyons by treatment of mixed cell suspensions with UV-inactivated Sendai virus. Unfortunately, with one exception (Yerganian and Nell, 1966), the hybrids thus far obtained were short-lived and underwent only one or two mitoses. 

Yerganian, G., and Nell, M. (1966). Hybridization of dwarf hamster cells by UV-inactivated Sendai virus. Proc. Natl. Acad. Set. U.S. 55, 1066-1073. Yoshida, M. C., and Ephhcssi, B. (1967). Isolation and karyological characteristics of seven hybrids between somatic mouse cells in vitro. J. Cell. Physiol. 69, 33-44. 

Fusogenic liposome containing DTA Simple liposome containing DTA UV-inactivated Sendai virus Intact Sendai virus... 

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