Self-humidifying

Wang et al. [140] presented another example of multilayered MPLs that consisted of a basic MPL (Vulcan XC-72 and PTFE) on top of a DL and a mixfure of carbon black (Black Pearl 2000) and Nafion sprayed onfo fhe peripheral region of the MPL (i.e., around the active area). Tliis was done on both the anode and cathode sides. The extra MPL, also called a water transfer region (WTR), was used in order for fhe MEA to be self-humidified. The WTR would receive the excess water at the cathode and then the water... 

Liu F, Yi B, Xing D, Yu J, Hou Z, Fu Y (2003) Development of novel self-humidifying composite membranes for fuel cells. J Power Sources 124 81-9... 

Fig 38 39. Here are some pictures to help you make an easy self humidifying chamber, most things to make the chamber can be obtained from local hardware shops the plastic car registration plate nuts bolts from car accessory shops. All that is needed to keep the tank humid is an air stone some tube a small aquarium air pump, Simply make a small hole near the top of the tank feed the pipe through to the water container, attach the air brick pump. The inner angled drip lids are simply shaped 2mm plastic sheet. 

H. Uchida, Y. Ueno, H. Hagihara, and M. Watanabe. Self-humidifying electrolyte membranes for fuel cells Preparation of highly dispersed Ti02 particles in Nafion 112. Journal of the Electrochemical Society 150, A57-A62 2003. 

Uchida, H. Ueno, Y. Hagihara, H. Watanabe, M. Self-humidifying electrolyte membranes for fuel cells. J. Electrochem. Soc. 2003, 150, A57. 

Watanabe et al. [38—40] developed a form of self-humidifying composite membrane... 

Zhang et al. [128] synthesized a self-humidifying membrane based on a sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone) (SPEEK) hybrid with a sulfated zirconia (SO / ZrO2, SZ) -supported platinum catalyst (Pt-SZ catalyst). This type of composite membrane has a higher proton conductivity than plain SPEEK, due to the effect of the Pt-SZ catalyst the membrane also provided excellent single cell performance at low humidity. 

M. Watanabe, H. Uchida and M. Emori, Polymer electrolyte membranes incorporated with nanometer-size particles of Pt and/or metal-oxides Experimental analysis of the self-humification and suppression of gas-crossover in fuel cell, J. Phys. Chem., B, 1998, 102, 3129-3137 M. Watanabe, H. Uchida, Y. Seki and M. Emori and P. Stonehart, Self-humidifying polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cell, J. Electrochem. Soc., 1996, 143, 3847-3852 H. Uchida, Y. Mizuno and M. Watanabe, Suppression of methanol crossover in Pt-dispersed polymer electrolyte membrane for direct methanol fuel cell, Chem. Lett., 2000, 1268-1269 H. Uchida, Y. Ueno, H. Hagihara and M. Watanabe, Self-humidifying electrolyte membranes for fuel cells, preparation of highly dispersed Ti02 particles in Nafion 112, J. Electrochem. Soc., 2003, 150, A57-A62. 

K.W. Feindel, S.H. Bergens, R.E. Wasybshen, Insights into the distribution of water in a self-humidifying H2/O2 proton-exchange membrane fuel cell using H NMR microscopy, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 128 (2006) 14192—14199. 

Watanabe M, Uchida H, Seki Y, Emori M, Stonehart P (1996) Self-humidifying polymer electrolyte membranes for fuel cells. J Electrochem Soc 143 3847-3852... 

Wang L, Xing DM, Liu YH et al (2006) Pt/SiOz catalyst as an addition to Nafion/PTFE self-humidifying composite membrane. J Power Sources 161 61-67... 

Sim V, Han W, Poon HY, Lai YT, Yeung KL (2014) Confinement as a new architecture for self-humidifying proton-exchange membrane for PEMFC Abstracts of Papers. In 248th ACS National Meeting Exposition, San Ftandsco, CA, United States, 10-14 Aug 2014... 

Yang B, Fu Y Z, and Manthiram A (2005), Operation of thin Nafion-based self-humidifying membranes in proton exchange membrane fuel cells with dry and Oj , J. Power Sources., 139,170-175. 

Zhang Y Zhang H, Zhu X, Gang L, Bi C etal. (2007c), Fabrication and characterization of a PTFE-reinforced integral composite membrane for self-humidifying PEMFC , J. Power Sources, 165, 786-792. 

Zhu X, Zhang H, Liang Y, and Zhang Y (2006), A novel PTFE-reinforced multilayer self-humidifying composite membrane for PEM fuel cells , Electrochem. Solid-State Lett., 9,A49-A52. 

Zhang, Y. et al. 2007. Investigation of self-humidifying membranes based on sulfonated poly (ether ether ketone) hybrid with sulfated zirconia supported Pt catalyst for fuel cell applications. Journal of Power Sources 168 323-329. 

Technology has simphfied the use of a self-humidifying stack system, enhancing the stack power and the weight-to-power ratio. But this method is hmited to low-power stacks. The major difficulties with selfhumidification are insufficient water intake for wetting, and its slow dynamic response (see Figure 10.34). 

Humidification involves external, internal, and self-humidifiers. 

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