Seeds intestinal bacteria

Distribution and Sources. In plants, niacin production sites occur in leaves, germinating seeds, and shoots. In humans, niacin is not available from intestinal bacteria, but some conversion is made from tryptophan which occurs in tissues. 

Such studies were extended to a-D-galactosidases of various origins intestinal bacteria, Penicillium species, germinated legume seeds (Vida, Medi-cago, and Trigonellum), molluscs, and mammalian kidney. 

Prebiotic fiber in fruits is most easily associated with pulp—the fleshy, juicy part of a fruit—as opposed to its edible skin or seed coats which provide insoluble fiber. Prebiotic fiber provides diversified health benefits supporting advantageous intestinal bacteria and immune functions, all of which help deter both the onset of colon cancer and high blood cholesterol levels. 

Jin J-S, Tobo T, Chung M-H, Ma C, Hattori M. Transformation of trachelogenin, an aglycone of tracheloside from safflower seeds, to phy-toestrogenic (-)-enterolactone by human intestinal bacteria. Food Chem. 2012 134 74-80. 

Humans lack enzymes to hydrolyse cellulose, and some odier carbohydrates in food. However, bacteria in the intestine can hydrolyse and ferment some of this carbohydrate to produce short-chain fatty acids, which are used by the colon and the liver. It is estimated that for each gram of unavailable carbohydrate in the diet, 8.4 kJ of energy is made available in this way, although this is influenced by factors such as ripeness of fruit or the way leguminous seeds are cooked. Nonetheless, these effects will be small and can be ignored unless the amount of such carbohydrate is high or very accurate results are required. (The subject of unavailable carbohydrate and fibre in the diet is discussed in Chapters 4, 6 and 15). 

Plantago asiatica L. depressa Willd. exaltata Horn. P. loureiri Roem. et Schult. P. major L. P. major L. var. asiatica DC Che Chen Zi (Plantain) (seed) d-xylose, 1-arabinose, d-galacturonic acid, 1-rhamnose, plantasan, plantenolic acid, plantagin, homoplantagin, aucubin, ursolic acid, hentriacontane.48-510 Diuretic, expectorant, intestinal infection, diarrhea caused by bacteria. 

Ducks, taken from the area where 2,000 ducks had died in 1969-1970, were examined by diagnostic procedures (Jensen and Allen, 1981). The toxins of Clostridium botu-linum and pathogenic bacteria were not identified. Catarrhal enteritis was identified with hemorrhage into the intestine. Seed parts suggestive of Ricinus communis were found in scrapings of the wall of the provenfriculus. Fatty degeneration of hepatocytes was observed. 

The natural sources of /3-galactosidase are very wide leaves, stems and seeds of plants (such as almond, corn soybeans, etc) animal skin and intestinal tissue, etc microorganisms, including fungi, yeasts and many species of bacteria. The primary sources of /3-galactosidase are listed in Table 2.10. 

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