Diagenesis, sediment

Ingall, E. and Jahnke, R. (1997). Influence of water-column anoxia on the elemental fractionation of carbon and phosphorus during sediment diagenesis. Mar. Geol. 139, 219-229. 

Parker, A. and B. W. Selwood (1983), Sediment Diagenesis, Kluwer, New York. 

Katsev, S., etal. 2007. Effect of progressive oxygen depletion on sediment diagenesis and fluxes A model for the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary. Limnology and Oceanography, 52, 2555-2568. 

The geochemical fate of most reactive substances (trace metals, pollutants) is controlled by the reaction of solutes with solid surfaces. Simple chemical models for the residence time of reactive elements in oceans, lakes, sediment, and soil systems are based on the partitioning of chemical species between the aqueous solution and the particle surface. The rates of processes involved in precipitation (heterogeneous nucleation, crystal growth) and dissolution of mineral phases, of importance in the weathering of rocks, in the formation of soils, and sediment diagenesis, are critically dependent on surface species and their structural identity. 

In order to communicate further ideas on sediment diagenesis, it is necessary to consider briefly the sedimentaiy materials that make up carbonate sediments and rocks and classifications of these materials. For detailed discussion the reader is referred to Pettijohn (1957), Folk (1959), Dunham (1962), Ham (1962), and Blatt et al. (1980). 

Meshri I.D. (1986) On the reactivity of carbonic and organic acids and the generation of secondary porosity. In Roles of Organic Matter in Sediment Diagenesis (ed. D.L. Gautier), pp. 123-128. Soc. Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Spec, Pub. 38, Tulsa, OK. 

Walter, L. M. In Roles of Organic Matter in Sediment Diagenesis Gautier, D. L., Ed. SEPM Special Publication 38 Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists Tulsa,... 

Blackburn, T. H., and Blackburn, N. D. (1993). Couphng of cycles and global significance of sediment diagenesis. Marine Geology 113, 101—110. 

Understanding of sediment diagenesis and benthic fluxes has evolved with advances in both experimental methods and modeling. Measurements of chemical concentrations in sediments, their associated pore waters and fluxes at the sediment-water interface have been used to identify the most important reactions. Because transport in pore waters is usually by molecular diffusion, this medium is conducive to interpretation by models of heterogeneous chemical equilibrium and kinetics. Large chemical changes... 

Roughly 90% of the organic matter that exits the euphotic zone of the ocean is degraded in the water column. Of the 10% of the organic carbon flux that reaches the seafloor, only about one-tenth escapes oxidation and is buried. Degradation of the organic matter that reaches the ocean sediments drives the reactions that control sediment diagenesis and benthic flux. 

Sediment Diagenesis and Benthic Flux Interface carbon fluxes... 

Sediment diagenesis reactions cause sources and sinks that are of global importance to the geochemical mass balance of manganese and some other metals sensitive to redox changes. 

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