Sediment nutrients

Nesbitt, HJ. and Watson, J.R. Degradation of the herbicide 2.4-D in river water. II. The role of suspended sediment. Nutrients and water temperature, Water Res., 14 1689-1694, 1980. 

Although both types of pollution sources present a serious problem, point sources can be controlled, at least in principle. Nonpoint sources, however, are difficult to control. Sources and types of nonpoint pollution in impacted rivers and lakes in the United States include agriculture, land disposal, construction, hydromodification, urban runoff, and silviculture, resource extraction. The pollutants in these sources include sediment, nutrients, toxins, pesticides, salinity, and acidity (Institute, 1988). Looking at these lists, one can easily deduce that solvents play roles in the pollution of water. 

Baker, D.B. (1998). Sediment, Nutrient, and Pesticide Transport in Selected Great Lakes Tributaries. Report to Great Lakes National Program Office, US Environmental Protection Agency, Region 5. Tiffin, OH Water Quality Laboratory, Heidelberg College. 

Chaubey, I., D. Sahoo, B.E. Haggard, M.D. Matlock, and T.A. Costello (2007). Nutrient retention, nutrient limitation, and sediment-nutrient interactions in a pasture-dominated stream. Trans. Am. Soc. Agric. Biol. Eng., 50(1) 35-44. 

Fisher, R.R., Carlson, P.R., and Barber, R.T. (1982) sediment nutrient regeneration in three North Carolina estuaries. Estuar. Coastal Shelf Sci. 14, 101-116. 

Marinelli, R.L., Jahnke, R.A., Craven, D.B., Nelson, J.R., and Eckman, J.E. (1998) Sediment nutrient dynamics on the South Atlantic Bight continental shelf. Limnol. Oceanogr. 43, 1305-1320. 

Rozan, T.F., Taillefert, M., Trouwborst, R.E., Glazer, B.T., Ma, S., Herszage, J., Valdes, L.M., Price, K.S., and Luther III., GW. (2002) Iron-sulfur-phosphorus cycling in the sediments of a shallow coastal bay implications for sediment nutrient release and benthic macroalgal blooms. Limnol. Oceanogr. 47, 1346-1354. 

Short, F.T. (1987) Effects of sediment nutrients on seagrasses literature review and mesocosm experiment. Aquat. Bot. 27, 41-57. 

Lavery, P. S., and McComb, A. J. (1991). Macroalgal-sediment nutrient interactions and their importance to macroalgal nutrition in a eutrophic estuary. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci. 32, 281-296. 

Mitchell, C., Brodie, J., and White, I. (2005). Sediments, nutrients and pesticide residues in event flow conditions in streams of the Madsay Whitsunday Region, Australia. Mar. Pollut. Bull. 51(1-4), 23-36. 

Udy, J. W., and Dennison, W. C. (1997). Growth and physiological responses of the three seagrass species to elevated sediment nutrients in Moreton Bay, Australia. J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol. 217, 253-277. 

Fihppelh G. M., Sierro F. J., Flores J. A., Vazquez A., Utriha R., Perez-Folgado M., and Latimer J. C. (2003) A sediment-nutrient-oxygen feedback responsible for productivity variations in Late Miocene sapropel sequences of the western Mediterranean. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol. 190, 335-348. 

Unfortunately, application of TMDL rules does not typically result in achievement of WQS due to the large impact of nonpoint sources (e.g., soil runoff). Nonetheless, TMDLs for such defined pollutants as clean sediments, nutrients (nitrogen and phosphorus), pathogens, acids/bases, heat, metals, cyanide, and synthetic organic chemicals are enforced. 

The availability of sediment nutrients to microbes and plants is complicated by geochemical processes, such as the involvement of some nutrients in... 

Raghukumar, C., Loka Bharathi, P. A., Ansari, Z. A., Nair, S., Ingole, B., Sheelu, G., Mohandass, C., Nagender Nath, B. and Rodrigues, N. (2001) Bacterial standing stock, meiofauna and sediment-nutrient characteristics indicators of benthic disturbance in the Central Indian Basin. Deep-Sea Research II, 48, 3381-3399. 

Clean Water Report (0009-8620) (1545-7435). This journal provides comprehensive coverage of drinking water and sewer systems, lakes, rivers and streams, coastal protection, tributaries and bays, as well as the Safe Drinking Water Act, the Clean Water Act, and other major legislative initiatives. It also includes articles on biosolids, pathogens, arsenic, chlorine, dioxin, and other pollutants, problems snch as flooding, silting, sedimentation, nutrients, and more. 

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