Sectioning technique

The diffusion coefficients of cations in metal oxides are usually measured through the use of radioactive isotopes. Because of the friable nature of oxides it is exU emely difficult to use the sectioning technique employed for metal samples. The need for this can be avoided by the application of radioisotopes which emit radiation having a well established absorption law in matter. Isotopes which emit y radiation are very useful when the cation has a relatively high diffusion coefficient because of the long-range peneU ation of y rays. The absorption law is... 

Total soil weight per given depth per hectare assumes a bulk density of 1500 kg soil m. Calculations are based on a nominal application rate of 0.168kga.i.ha . Soil core sectioning techniques are discussed in Section 3. 

As the plastic liners are removed from the probe, they are capped on both ends, the appropriate labels affixed, and promptly placed in a freezer (an in-field sectioning technique used for further partitioning of the 0-15-cm core is described later in this section). By convention, red plastic caps are placed on top of the core (i.e., the end that was closest to the soil surface) and black caps are placed on the bottom. Use of the two-color capping system is important when the cores are sectioned at a later time. This approach is referred to as zero-contamination sampling and is the industry standard in field soil dissipation. 

All current taxometric procedures are based on a single statistical method termed Coherent Cut Kinetics (CCK). We decipher the meaning of this term in the next section in the example of the MAXCOV-HITMAX (MAXCOV stands for MAXimal COVariance the reason for this name will become clear in the next section) technique. However, we emphasize that it is not the shared statistical method that defines taxometrics. Adherence to a particular set of epistemological principles distinguishes taxometrics from other approaches. In other words, any analytic procedure that can identify taxa may... 

G. L. Flynn, H. Durrheim, and W. I. Higuchi. Permeation of hairless mouse skin II Membrane sectioning techniques and influence on alkanol permeabihties. J. Pharm. Sci. 70 52-56 (1981). 

Takahashi, H., M. Nagayama, H. Akahori and A. Kitahara. 1973. Electron-microscopy of porous anodic films on aluminum by ultrathin section technique. Part 1. The structural change of the film during the current recovery. J. Electron Microscopy 22(2) 149-57. 

The origin of defects causing discoloration in polyolefin pellets can be identified using light and electron microscopy. For example, PE pellets from an in-plant recycle re-pelletlzing process contained pellets that were off color and had black specks, as shown In Fig. 11.6(a). One of these defects was isolated using the cross sectioning technique, as shown in Fig. 11.6(b). The cross section revealed an intense reddish particle that caused the discoloration of the pellet. 

In the previous sections, techniques developed for improving the interface bond quality are discussed mainly for glass, carbon, aramid and UHMWPE fibers with... 

In the following sections techniques and technical solutions are given as examples that can be adapted to a certain problem. 

The Redbook recommends the Wilson serial section technique (see Chapter 19) for soft tissue examination, but microdissection techniques are equally applicable (see Chapter 20). 

The tracer-sectioning technique was employed for the diffusion measurement. The distribution of specific activity C of a radioactive tracer at fixed temperature and oxygen partial pressure is expressed as... 

Ribosomes were discovered by electron micros-copists examining the structure of the endoplasmic reticulum using ultrathin sectioning techniques. Their presence in cells was established by 1956, and the name ribosome was proposed in 1957. At first it was difficult to study protein synthesis in vitro using isolated ribosomes. No net synthesis could be detected until Hoagland and associates measured the rate of incorporation of 14C-labeled amino acids into protein.26 This sensitive method permitted measurement of very small amounts of protein synthesis in cell-free preparations from rat liver and paved the way toward studies with ribosomes themselves. 

As in the preceding section, techniques will be given for the gas chromatographic analysis of the major classes of abused drugs as isolated from biological material. 

In the following sections, techniques for performing isoelectric focusing in coated or uncoated capillaries in the absence or presence of additives will be discussed. Different electrophoretic and/or hydrodynamic mobilization procedures will also be considered. 

---