Secretion gene

DiChristina TJ, Moore CM, Haller CA (2002) Dissimilatory Pe(III) and Mn(IV) reduction by Shewanella putrefaciens requires/erif, a homolog of the pulE (gspE) Type II protein secretion gene. J Bacteriol 185 142-151... 

Voltage-activated Ca " channels are activated by membrane depolarization and represent a large family of related channels with a wide tissue distribution. They are found ubiquitously in neurons, muscles, and endocrine cells as well as in many epithelial and endothelial cells. In addition to neurotransmitter release, they mediate a variety of essential functions in the body including muscle contraction, insulin secretion, gene expression, modulation of signal transduction events and in excess can cause cell death. 

Lai YK, Shen WY, Brankov M, Lai CM, Constable IJ, Rakoczy PE. Potential long-term inhibition of ocular neovascularisation by recombinant adeno-associated virus-mediated secretion gene therapy. Gene Ther 2002 9 804-813. 

About 80% of the population has an active Se (secretion) gene, so that they secrete glycoproteins bearing the blood group substance into saliva and other bc y fluids. The structure of the carbohydrate portion of such a glycoprotein is shown in Fig. 2. 

Guzzo, J., Pages, J. M., Duong, R, Lazdunski, A., Murgier, M. Pseudomonas aeruginosa alkaline protease evidence for secretion genes and study of secretion mechanism. J Bacterial 1991,173, 5290-5297. 

Physiological actions such as muscle contractions, hormone secretion, gene expression, protein synthesis, and the control of various intracellular actions, require a change in the cell potential from the polarised state (resting state) to the depolarised state. This change in cell... 

In the treatment of diseases where the metaboUtes are not being deUvered to the system, synthetic metaboUtes or active analogues have been successfully adrninistered. Vitamin metaboUtes have been successfully used for treatment of milk fever ia catde, turkey leg weakness, plaque psoriasis, and osteoporosis and renal osteodystrophy ia humans. Many of these clinical studies are outlined ia References 6, 16, 40, 51, and 141. The vitamin D receptor complex is a member of the gene superfamily of transcriptional activators, and 1,25 dihydroxy vitamin D is thus supportive of selective cell differentiation. In addition to mineral homeostasis mediated ia the iatestiae, kidney, and bone, the metaboUte acts on the immune system, P-ceUs of the pancreas (iasulin secretion), cerebellum, and hypothalamus. 

Three hormones regulate turnover of calcium in the body (22). 1,25-Dihydroxycholecalciferol is a steroid derivative made by the combined action of the skin, Hver, and kidneys, or furnished by dietary factors with vitamin D activity. The apparent action of this compound is to promote the transcription of genes for proteins that faciUtate transport of calcium and phosphate ions through the plasma membrane. Parathormone (PTH) is a polypeptide hormone secreted by the parathyroid gland, in response to a fall in extracellular Ca(Il). It acts on bones and kidneys in concert with 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol to stimulate resorption of bone and reabsorption of calcium from the glomerular filtrate. Calcitonin, the third hormone, is a polypeptide secreted by the thyroid gland in response to a rise in blood Ca(Il) concentration. Its production leads to an increase in bone deposition, increased loss of calcium and phosphate in the urine, and inhibition of the synthesis of 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol. 

A DNA library is a set of cloned fragments that collectively represent the genes of a particular organism. Particular genes can be isolated from DNA libraries, much as books can be obtained from conventional libraries. The secret is knowing where and how to look. 

Gene Product Origin Molecular Mass (kD) Secreted Affinity Ligand... 

Thi.s indicate.s whether combined. secretion-fu.sion gene. sy.stem.s have led to. secretion of die protein product from die cells, which simplifies its Isolation and pnrificadon. 

Liu, J., O Kane, D. J., and Escher, A. (1997). Secretion of functional Renilla reniformis luciferase by mammalian cells. Gene 203 141-148. 

Thompson, E. M., Nagata, S., and Tsuji, F. I. (1990). Vargula hilgendorfii luciferase a secreted reporter enzyme for monitoring gene expression in mammalian cells. Gene 96 257-262. 

Calpain-10 (CAPN10) is the fust diabetes gene to have been identified through a genome scan. The discovery of calpain-10 has identified it as a molecule of importance to insulin signaling and secretion that may have relevance to the fiiture development of novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. 

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