Scientific Apparatus and

Scholander, P. F. Scientific Apparatus and Laboratory Methods. Microburette. Science 95, 177 (1942). 

Aluminum Digest Rohm and Haas Reporter Amber-hi-Lites Scientific Apparatus and Methods Lubrication Vancoram Review Chlorination Topics Wallerstein Laboratories Communications Taste and Odor Control Journal... 

Chois have published discussions of the theory and design of laboratory apparatus. Scientific Apparatus and MethodSy Announcer of Scientific Equipmenty and Spectrogra-pher s News Letter regularly issue articles discussing methods and instrumentation of ana-l3rtical chemistry. Organic Chemical Bulletin discusses analytical reagents and their apphcations. 

Fisons. Ironically this company was founded on fertilizer manufacture and for many years this was a strength of the company. However, losses resulted in the whole fertilizer division being sold to Norsk-Hydro in 1982. This helped profits for the company to rise from 9.3 million in 1981 to 21.1 million in 1982. Its major interests are pharmaceuticals—where its most important success has been the anti-asthmatic drug Intal—and agrochemicals. Diversification into making scientific apparatus and laboratory chemicals, and horticultural materials like composts and peat, were tried, but in the 1990s these were sold to leave the company to concentrate on pharmaceuticals. In 1995 two thirds of its pharmaceutical R D activities were sold to Astra Pharmaceuticals. 

Jacques Alexandre Cesar Charles (1746-1823). French physicist. He was a gifted lecturer, an inventor of scientific apparatus, and the first person to use hydrogen to inflate balloons. 

Moore J H, Davis C C and Copian M A 1989 Building Scientific Apparatus 2nd edn (Redwood City, CA Addison-Wesiey) ch 5 The fundamentais of eiectron opticai design. 

Mercury is extensively used in various pieces of scientific apparatus, such as thermometers, barometers, high vacuum pumps, mercury lamps, standard cells (for example the Weston cell), and so on. The metal is used as the cathode in the Kellner-Solvay cell (p. 130). 

Pyrex glass is preferable, but this requires an oxy-coal gas blowpipe for manipulation. Suitable melting point tubes may be purchased from dealers in scientific apparatus or chemicals. It is, however, excellent practice, and an essential part of his training, for the student to learn to prepare bis own capillary tubes. 

Scientific Apparatus Makers Association 1140 Coimecticut Avenue, NW Washington, D.C. 20036 Standards for analytical instmments, laboratory apparatus, measurement and test instmments, nuclear instmments, optical instmments, process measurement and control, and scientific laboratory furniture and equipment (see Analytical methods). 

Accuracy and Repeatability Definitions of terminology pertaining to process measurements can be obtained from standard S5I.I from the International Society of Measurment and Control (ISA) and standard RC20-II from the Scientific Apparatus Manufac turers Association (SAMA), both of which are updated periodically. An appreciation of accuracy and repeatability is especially important. Some apphcations depend on the accuracy of the instrument, but other apphcations depend on repeatability. Excellent accuracy imphes excellent repeatabihty however, an instrument can have poor accuracy but excellent repeatability. In some apphcations, this is acceptable, as discussed below. 

J. H. Moore, C. C. Davis and M. A. Coplan, Building Scientific Apparatus, (Addison-Wesley, 1983). 

APPARATUS AND MATERIALS. A Mettler DL40 memotitrator, DK19 Filter Titrator with filters and a DK181 Phototrode were purchased from M.S.E. Scientific Instruments, Crawley. Visible spectra were recorded on a Perkin Elmer Lambda 3 spectrophotometer. 

Figure 3 is the plotted low resolution mass spectrum of halcinonide found using an AEI Scientific Apparatus Ltd, Model 902 mass spectrometer. Spectra were collected on frequency modulated analog tape and processed on a Digital Equipment Corp., PDP-11. 

Cupric acetate monohydrate A. R. available from Fisons Scientific Apparatus Ltd. (Loughborough, England) was employed by the submitters. The checkers used both Baker Analytical Reagent and Fisher A.C.S. certified cupric acetate monohydrate. Small portions were finely ground with a mortar and pestle. 

The second submove, describe instrumentation, describes the scientific apparatus used in the study. Both custom-built instruments (e.g., a high-vacuum chamber or a newly designed light source) and commercially available instruments (e.g., a gas chromatograph or an infrared spectrometer) are described. Ordinary lab equipment (e.g., a heating mantel or a rotary evaporator) is not described. 

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