Rutherford Scattering Cross-Section

This is the Rutherford scattering cross section. It is interesting to note that Bom and classical theory also reproduce this cross section. Moreover,... 

The scattering cross-section is considerably different from the Rutherford cross-section, because the distance of closest approach, Ri i , is rather large at low energies. Thus, electronic screening of the interaction between the nuclei is important. The screened scattering potential V(r) reads ... 

If the force between the beam particle and the target nucleus is assumed to be the Coulomb force, the basic equation for the differential scattering cross-section is given by Rutherford s formula ... 

There is some disagreement in the literature as to the value of the (4He, H) elastic scattering cross section. Values differing by almost a factor of two have been reported, as reviewed by Paszti et al. (1986). The cross section is strongly non-Rutherford, but ab initio calculations have been reported that agree well with the trend of experimental data and could be used in simulation calculations (Tirira et al., 1990). The cross section for deuterium analysis has a resonance near a 4He+ energy of 2.15 MeV, which allows enhanced sensitivity. Detailed measurements of this cross section have been reported by Besenbacher et al. (1986). In practice, rather than calculate an experiment s calibration from first principles, calibration standards are usually used hydrogen-implanted silicon standard are the norm. 

Elastic scattering cross sections were caleulated using the Rutherford formula, taking into account the screening parameter given by Moliere [187], The differential cross section (dc/ df2)ei and total cross sections cTei for each molecule are represented by... 

Note the strong dependence of the Rutherford scattering cross section upon scattering angle. Remember that Rutherford scattering is not a nuclear reaction, as it does not involve the nuclear force, only the Coulomb force between the charged nuclei. Remember also that Rutherford scattering will occur to some extent in all studies of... 

Figure 11. Inelastic neutron scattering powder spectra of four isotopomers of BA at 5 K recorded with the TFXA spectrometer at ISIS (Rutherford Appleton Laboratories). The spectra are normalized for the mass of the samples and the total incident neutron flux. The differences in intensity are due to the differences in scattering cross section of the isotopes. (Adapted from Horsewill et al. [156].)...

The strengths of RBS are in determining the concentration-depth profiles of relatively heavy elements in a polymer matrix largely composed of elements of low atomic number. This is because the sensitivity of the technique is determined by the Rutherford scattering cross sections, which are approximately proportional to the square of the atomic number of the target nuclei. The depth resolution of the technique is generally limited by the energy resolution of the detection system and typically is of the order of 300 A for polymer materials. One of the particularly attractive aspects of the technique is the reliability and... 

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