Saturation percentage, defined

Percentage absolute humidity (percentage saturation) is defined as the ratio of absolute humidity to saturation humidity and is given by 100 H/H, = IQOpiP - p.VlpXP - p)]. 

If the percentage base saturation as defined above is 60%, this provides an indication of the need for estimation of exchangeable aluminium and hydrogen, in addition to calcium and magnesium, by the ECEC procedure. 

As explained in Fig. 5.7, depicting a series of situations representing different liquid saturations in particulate bulk solids or of agglomerates, distinct distribution models exist which depend on the amount of liquid in the structure. The term liquid saturation is defined as the percentage of total void space that is filled with the liquid. A precondition for cohesiveness of particulate solids due to the presence of liquid is that the liquid wets the solids. Although, depending on the application, other liquids may be used to totally or partially fill the voids between particulate solids, in agglomeration water is most commonly used. 

Oximetry refers to the determination of the percentage of oxygen saturation of circulation arterial blood. Oxygen saturation is defined as follow ... 

This is defined as the percentage ratio of the water vapour pressure in the atmosphere compared to that which would saturate the atmosphere at the same temperature. Alternatively, the difference in temperature between the ambient atmosphere and that to which it would have to be cooled before moisture condensed from it, is also used as a measure of moisture content. This difference in temperature is called the dew point depression. The actual temperature at which condensation takes place is known as the dew point. The relative humidity is then expressed as ... 

The Kelvin equation can be combined with the relative humidity, RH, if water is involved as the fluid relative humidity indicates how moist the air is. The amount of water vapor in the air at any given time is usually less than that required to saturate the air. The relative humidity is the percentage of saturation humidity, generally calculated in relation to the saturated vapor density. Relative humidity may be defined as the ratio of the water vapor density (mass per unit volume) to the saturation water vapor density, usually expressed in percent. Relative humidity is also approximately equal (exactly equal when water is assumed as an ideal gas) to the ratio of the actual water vapor pressure to the saturation water vapor pressure, RH = PJP°. The P° values corresponding to each temperature are given in tables which can be found in handbooks. If RH is measured in an experiment, then Pv can be calculated by using the saturation water vapor pressure tables and can be inserted into the Kelvin equation. 

Relative humidity is defined as the vapour content as a percentage of the concentration necessary to give vapour saturation at a given temperature. It also can be expressed as the ratio of the vapour pressure of the water vapour contained therein to the saturated vapour pressure of water vapour at the same temperature. A rise in temperature therefore reduces the RH (provided there is no addition of water vapour) and a drop in temperature raises the RH until such time as 100% RH or dew point is reached. Excess water then condenses out—i.e. there can be an internal shower effect within the product or pack. RH can be measured by a wet and dry hygrometer or other instruments. 

Relative saturation (relative humidity for the system air-water), expressed as a percentage, is defined as 100pA/PA, where PA is the vapor pressure at the dry-bulb temperature of the mixture. Therefore, if the relative saturation, temperature, and pressure of a gas-vapor mixture are specified, all of its thermodynamic properties can be calculated. 

Percentage humidity. The percentage humidity Hp is defined as 100 times the actual humidity H of the air divided by the humidity if the air were saturated at the same temperature and pressure. 

The API has defined the base oils in five categories on the basis of viscosity index, snUur content and percentage saturates. The details are provided in Table 1. A number... 

Humidity is a parameter that helps describe the water content in a gas and water mixture. There are many different methods to express humidity absolute humidity, RH, dew point temperature, or mixing ratio. In PEM fuel cell technology, RH is commonly used. The RH is a measure of the amount of water vapor in the air relative to the maximum amount of water vapor that air can hold at a specific temperature, and is usually expressed as a percentage value. The RH at temperature T (RH(T)) is defined as the ratio of the partial pressure and the saturated vapor pressure of water, and can be expressed as in Eqn (8.1) [12] ... 

Relative saluration. Relatiiie saturation, also called r ladmJitmudiiyi expressed as a percentage is defined as lOOp // , where is the vapor pressure at the dry-bulb temperature of the mixture. For any vapor, the graphical representation of conditions of constant relative saturation can easily be constructed on a vapor-pressure-temperature chart, as in Fig. lAa, by dividing the ordinates of the vapor-pressure curve into appropriate intervals. Thus the curve for 50 percent relative saturation shows a vapor partial pressure equal to one-half the equilibrium vapor pressure at any temperature. A reference-substance plot, such as Fig, 7.2, could also be used for this. 

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