Salt-free dyeing

Chattopadhyay, D. P., Cationization of cotton for low salt and salt free dyeing, Indian J. Fibre Text Res., 24, March (2001), 108-115. 

Ameri Dehabadi, V., Buschmann, H.-J., Gutmann, J.S., 2013. Pretreatment of cotton fabrics with polyamino carboxylic acids for salt-free dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes. Color. Technol. 129, 155-158. 

Singha, K., Maity, S., Singha, M., 2012. The salt-free dyeing on cotton an approach to effluent free mechanism can chitosan be a potential option Int. J. Text. Sci. 1, 69-77. 

SrikuUdt, K., Santifuengkul, P., 2000. Salt-free dyeing of cotton ceUnlose with amodel cationic reactive dye. Color. Technol. 116, 398-402. 

Zhang, F., Chen, Y, Lin, H., and Lu. Y. Synthesis of an amino-terminated hyperbranched polymer and its application in reactive dyeing on cotton as a salt-free dyeing auxiliary. Coloration Technology, 123, 351-357 (2007)... 

Salz-farbe,/. metallic dye, dye salt, -fehler, m. salt error, -fleisch, n. salt meat, -fiuss, m.. saline flux salt rheum, eczema, salz-fdrmig, a. saliniform. -frei, a. free from salt, salt-free. 

The pigment is then laked according to the procedure described for [3-naphthol pigments (Sec. 2.7.1.1). Aluminum lakes are an exception. A soluble aluminum salt is first converted to aluminum oxide hydrate, which is washed to remove salt. The moist product is then combined with the dye solution, while a more soluble aluminum salt is added simultaneously. The insoluble pigment is finally washed salt-free and dried. 

DQAsome/DNA complexes ( DQAplexes ) can be prepared by simply mixing DNA with the appropriate amount of preformed DQAsomes in salt-free 5mM HEPES buffer at pH 7.4. To choose the correct ratio between DNA and DQAsomes, the DNA-binding capacity of each new batch of DQAsomes should be determined. The quantitative DQAsome-DNA-binding assay, which has been routinely used in our laboratory, employs SYBR Green I. The fiuorescence signal of this dye is greatly enhanced when bound to DNA. Displacement of the dye from DNA results in loss of fluorescence. 

Equally popular are azo couplings of diazonium salts that keep the nitrogen atoms in the product. The solid-solid version is very suitable with appropriate phenols such as 296 and 299. The waste-free and quantitatively obtained azo dye salts can be neutralized. The free dyes have the hydrazono structure (297, 298) or the azo structure (300) [99-100] (Scheme 45). The prescription should be carefully followed for safety reasons ... 

A number of dithiolato-metal-dye complexes were synthesized117 by adding thionine (TH), tolusafranine (SAF) or methylene blue (MB) to a mixture of a metal salt and Na2(mnt) or H2(tdt). The composition of the products was determined from elemental analyses and valence state considerations. Peculiar stoichiometries were found, e.g. Mn2(mnt)5(SAF)6(OH)2 11H20, necessitating the assumption that equally unusual structures existed. Nonetheless, the molar absorption coefficients of the maximum absorption were larger for the complexes than the free dyes. In hexa-methylphosphoramide, the metal dithiolene accelerated the rate of photochemical reduction versus the free ligand with TH but retarded the rate for the SAF and MB complexes. 

COXnPLING OF o-TOLIDINE AND CHICAGO ACID (Prepaiatioa of a Salt-free Azo Dye)... 

Salt-free sodium sulfonates. The blue dye formulated is required in pure, salt-free form for use in a procedure for determining blood volume. Since sodium acetate is moderately soluble in hot alcohol, elimination of sodium chloride can be accom-... 

Chlorazol Sky Blue FF 6,6 -[(3,3 -dimethoxy[l,r-biphenyl]-4,4 -diyl)bis(azo)bis(4-amino-5-hydroxy-l,3-naphthylenedisulfonic acid) tetra-Na salt [2610-05-1] M 996.9, m >300°(dec). Free it from other electrolytes by adding aqueous sodium acetate to a boiling solution of the dye in distilled water. After standing, the salted-out dye is filtered on a Buchner funnel, the process being repeated several times. Finally, the precipitated dye is boiled several times with absolute EtOH to wash out any sodium acetate, then dried (as the sodium salt) at 105°. [McGregor et al. Trans Faraday Soc 58 1045 1962, Beilstein 16 II 259.]... 

The Zebra Desalt Spin Columns that come with the DyLight Labeling Kits remove free dye. These columns contain a desalting resin and molecular weight cutoff. They perform well in desalting small sample volumes, providing excellent protein recovery and > 95% retention of small molecules and salts (<7 kDa). 

Montazer, M., Malek, R. M. A., and Rahimi, A (2007). Salt free reactive dyeing of cationized cotton. Fibers Polym., 8, 762-766. 

Other Names C.I. Basic Blue 9 Phenothiazin-5-ium, 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)-, chloride Aizen Methylene Blue BH Aizen Methylene Blue FZ Basic Blue 9 Basic Lake Blue C.I. 52015 C.I. Solvent Blue 8 Calcozine Blue ZF Chromosmon Duasyn Basic Blue lAD Ext D and C Blue No. 1 External Blue 1 Hidaco Methylene Blue Salt Free Izit Crystal Dye Leather Pure Blue HB Maxilon Blue SG Methylene Blue 2B Methylene Blue 2BF Methylene Blue 2BN Methylene Blue 2BP Methylene Blue A Methylene Blue B Methylene Blue BB Methylene Blue BBA Methylene Blue BD Methylene Blue BP Methylene Blue BPC Methylene Blue BX Methylene Blue BZ Methylene Blue D Methylene Blue FZ Methylene Blue G Methylene Blue GZ Methylene Blue HGG Methylene Blue lAD Methylene Blue JFA Methylene Blue MB Methylene Blue N Methylene Blue NF Methylene Blue NZ Methylene Blue SG Methylene Blue SP Methylene Blue ZF Methylene Blue ZX Methylene Blue Zinc Free ... 

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