Salt fingers

Convection will not drastically alter the results of our calculations. Smarr et al. (1981) found that with complete core overturn the luminosity increased at most by 30%. Mayle (1985) in a series of calculations with mixing length theory found about a 20% enhancement of the luminosity. Our models are unstable by the LeDoux and salt finger criteria but not the Schwartzschild criteria. Future calculations will include convection. 

St. Laurent L. C. and Schmitt R. W. (1999) The contribution of salt fingers to vertical mixing in the North Atlantic tracer release experiment. J. Geophys. Res. 29, 1404-1424. 

Nagy and coworkers tested this interpretation in the chlorate-sulfite system (Nagy and Pojman, 1993). The isothermal density change was -1-0.48%, and the temperature increase was a very large 40 °C. The salt fingers that are observed only ascend, in agreement with the above analysis (Figure 9.9). 

Salt-fingering is the kind of instability that develops at the interface of a warm, salty water overlying a layer of cold and fresh fluid. It is originated by the large separation between two diffusion scales heat diffusivity (k 0.001 cm s M is about two orders of magnitude different from mass diffusivity (D 0.00001 cm s ) for standard liquid mixtures. 

Salinity varies in space with the latitude. Its value is minimal in the vicinity of the poles, with a value of 34 g 1, reaches a maximum (36-37 gl ) in the tropics, and decreases again to 34.56 gl at the equator. Certain local anomalies, although on a large scale, are known as salt fingers (Schmitt, 1995 Guilyardi, 2002). 

Sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (hexamethyl disilazane sodium salt) [1070-89-9] M 183.4, m 165-167 (sintering at 140 ). It can be sublimed at 170 /2 Torr (bath temp 220-250°) onto a cold finger, and can be recrystd from CgHg (sol lOg in lOOmL at 60°). It is slightly soluble in Et20 and is decomposed by H2O. [Chem Ber 94 1540 1961.]... 

Watering most city water, is unsuitable for coca. They are calciphobes and don t like heavy salts in the water. Best to use rainwater, melted snow, bottled spring water or distilled water if they are available. Plants should only be watered if the soil dries out. Stick your finger in the soil. If it feels moist, don t water. 

Because of these two separate and largely inaccessible chiral centers there are, in theory, four distinct isomers of ibogaine which are difficult to resolve. When the term "synthetic" is used in regard to ibogaine in the scientific journals, it usually applies to the resynthesis of the parent alkaloid from the demethylated metabolite. For reference purposes, here are the finger print number from the infrared spectra For the free base IR (in cm-1) 741, 799, 830, 1037, 1111, 1148 mp 152-153 °C. For the hydrochloride salt IR (in cm-1) 638, 810, 832, 925, 1031, 1149 mp 299-300 °C (dec). 

Reasonable care must be taken in handling salt cells and plates. Moisture-free samples should be used. Fingers should not come in contact with the optical surfaces. Care should be taken to prevent contamination with silicones, which are hard to remove and have strong absorption patterns. 

When well-formed individual crystals have been obtained, filter them on a Witte plate, wash once with dilute nitric acid (1 3), pump as dry as possible, place the moist crystals in a suitable vessel, and put this in a desiccator over sulfuric acid. Watch the crystals carefully, with occasional stirring, and bottle them at once when they are dry. Do not touch them with the fingers, as this will discolor them. If they are allowed to overdry in the desiccator, they lose both crystal water and nitric acid and turn into a sticky mass of brownish-colored basic salt, which will not take up water from the air to reverse the reaction. Consequently, effloresced crystals cannot be used to complete the drying of the moist crystals. If the crystals are exposed to moist air, they deliquesce, undergo hydrolysis in the resulting solution, and form a basic salt. If they are bottled before they are dry, they will in time become discolored. If properly prepared, they will remain perfectly transparent and have a very pretty amethyst color, the intensity of which depends upon the size of the crystals. Crystals of iron alum have the same color. 

---