Salt data

G. J. Janz, C. B. AHen, N. P. Bansal, R. M. Murphy, and R. P. T. Tomkins, PhjsicalProperties Data Compilations Kelevantto Energy Storage. II Molten Salts Data on Single and Multi-Component Salt Systems, U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, Washington, D.C., Apr. 1979, pp. 142-154. 

G. J. Janz, J. Phys. Chem. Ref Data 9 (1980) 791 Molten Salts Data as Reference Standards for Density, Surface Tension, viscosity and Electrical Conductance KN03 and NaCl, American Chemical Society-American Institute of Physics-National Bureau of Standards, Washington, DC, 1980. 

The reduction of aromatic sulphoxides into the corresponding thioethers appears to be general it occurs at a lead cathode, in alcoholic sulphuric acid solution and also in the presence of tetraalkylammonium salts - Data in DMF are also available, when phenol is used as a proton donor. 

Eutectic Data, Table 2 (Safety Hazards, etc.) Janz, G. J., Allen, C. B., Molten Salts Data Center, ERDA Rept. TID 27163-21, 1976 subsequently publ. in J. Haz. Mat., 1980-81,... 

Compared to the corresponding values of the free ligand in different salts. Data from refs. 42,139,142. 

Results of the Vickers hardness of 15 inorganic and organic salts will be presented. The hardness-force dependency, and the effects of direction dependency were examined. The measured values of the Vickers hardnesses were taken for an attempt to prove a model to calculate the hardness. This model describes the hardness purely by physical properties of the substances. The use of such a model may be an approach for the description of the abrasion resistance of salts. Data describing the abrasion resistance could help in the understanding and interpretation of secondary nucleation phenomena. 

Quantitation of Salts (e.g., Hydrochloride and Sodium Salt). The quantitative result that is reported from the analysis of salts is usually reported with reference to the base of the analyte. The scientist will need to remember to incorporate a multiplier into the calculation to convert the salt data to the base data. 

Water sorption isotherms may be determined experimentally by gravimetric determination of the moisture content of a food product after it has reached equilibrium in sealed, evacuated desiccators containing saturated solutions of different salts. Data obtained in this manner may be compared with a number of theoretical models (including the Braunauer-Emmett-Teller model, the Kuhn model and the Gruggenheim-Andersson-De Boer model see Roos, 1997) to predict the sorption behaviour of foods. Examples of sorption isotherms predicted for skim milk by three such models are shown in Figure 7.12. 

The Wilson equation was considered first. Great problems were encountered with this equation. Negative values for one or both of the parameters A12 and A21 were often obtained by regressing the solvent-salt data. As it can be seen from Equation 3, a negative value for Aij is unacceptable. 

The influence of dilution and concentration on the conductivity of milk is complicated by their respective effects in promoting and repressing dissociation of salt complexes and solubilization of colloidal salts. Data of various workers (Coste and Shelbourn 1919 Schulz and Sydow 1957 Sorokin 1955 Torssell et al. 1949) indicate that as milk is concentrated, a maximum of conductivity is reached. With skim... 

Take the data in the text on transport (unassociated molten salt data only) and work out mp + oiefonnatioii- Discuss whether this conforms more to a jump into a hole (Fiirth) or shuffle along model of transport (Swallin). Make a similar comparison for the activation volume. 

Figure 9 (A) lontophoretic flux of various cations across excised pig skin versus molecular weight. The donor concentration was 1.0 M of drug as chloride salt. (Data from Ref. 108.) Key. ( ) monovalent ions, (O) divalent ions. (B) Normalized cathodal iontophoretic flux of anionic solutes across hairless mice versus molecular weight. (Data from Ref. 109.) (C) Cathodal iontophoretic permeability coefficient of alkanoic acid across nude rat skin versus molecular weight. (From Ref. 64.) (D) Comparison of transport number and molecular weight in human epidermis.

Janz, G. J., A. T. Ward, and R. D. Reeves, MOLTEN SALT DATA, Electrical Conductance, Density, and Viscosity, Technical Bulletin Series, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, NY (1964). 

The general pattern of the UV/vis absorption spectra of all these complexes resembles that of (in perchloric acid), but apparently corresponding peaks are shifted by about 4% in frequency, very much the same as in the red UCU salts. Data on the magnetic susceptibilities and effective magnetic moments for the uranium in these complexes are conflicting. On the one hand, a series of rather low fiets... 

Janz, G.J., Krebs, U., Siegenthaler, H.F. Tomkins, R.P.T. (1972) J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data, 1, 581. Janz, G.J., Solomons, C., Gardner, H.J., Goodkin, J. Brown, C.T. (1958) J. Phys. Chem., 62, 823. Janz, G.J. Tomkins, R.P.T. (1981) Physical Properties Data Compilations Relevant to Energy Storage IV. Molten Salts Data on Additional Single and Multi-Component Salt Systems. Nat. Stand. Ref Data System, NBS (U.S.). 

Following are three example calculations of individual ion activity coefficients from mean salt data. Such calculations must always be performed using y values measured at the same ionic... 

In this case I = mNaCl = mKCl - 0.1. From the tabulated mean salt data we obtain... 

Individual ion activity coefficients for Na+, HCO3, Ca2+, SO ", and computed from mean salt data and, assuming the Macinnes convention, are plotted in Fig. 4.2. As before, the mean salt data for KCl are from Hamer and Wu (1972). The y data for HCO3 and La + are from Roy et al. (1983) and Robinson and Stokes (1970), respectively. Sources for the other ions are as given above. 

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