Ruthenium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocycles via C-H Bond Activation

Ruthenium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocycles via C-H Bond Activation 

Heterocycles are the largest and most diverse family of organic compounds, which represent important structural motifs found in natural products and pharmaceuticals [1]. The wide range of applications of heterocycles in biological and physiological materials requires more efficient methods for their synthesis. 

Direct C-H bond functionalization via ruthenium complexes catalysis has been well explored [5]. However, the rapid progress for heterocycle synthesis via ruthenium-catalyzed C-H activation has been only achieved since 2011. By utilizing the less expensive and stable ruthenium(II) complex [RuCl2(/ -cymene)]2, the oxidative cyclization reactions with a series of unsaturated small molecules like alkenes and alkynes proved to be a fast access to heterocycles. Herein, this chapter is intended to provide an overview of reported examples for ruthenium-catalyzed C-H bond activation and cyclization for heterocycle synthesis till the end of 2014, including mechanism presentations 

Transition Metal-Catalyzed Heterocycle Synthesis via C HActivation, First Edition. Edited by Xiao-Feng Wu. 2016 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA. Published 2016 by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH Co. KGaA. 

Ruthenium-Catalyzed Heterocycle Synthesis via Intramolecular C-C Bond Formation Based on C-H Bond Activation 

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I 7 Ruthenium-Catalyzed Synthesis of Heterocycles via C-H Bond Activation 7.4... 

Ruthenium-catalyzed heterocycle synthesis through C-H bond activation and cyclization has received an increasing interest in the past few years. In this chapter the oxidative cyclization reactions with a series of unsaturated small molecules under ruthenium catalysis have been summarized. Among these reactions, the formations of heterocycles were realized by several synthetic pathways after initial C-H bond activation, which involved formation of intramolecular C-C bond, intramolecular C-N bond, intermolecular C-C/C-O bonds, and intermolecular C-C/C-N bonds. On the other hand, many challenges still need to overcome, such as heterocycle synthesis via ruthenium-catalyzed C(sp )-H activation. On the basis of the solid and exciting progress, no doubt that more reactive... 

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