Russian, transliteration

Although Russian, Zaitsev published most of his work in German scientific journals, where his name was transliterated as Saytzeff. The spelling used here (Zaitsev) corresponds to the currently preferred style. 

Prigogine (who at that time signed his name as Prigoshin, a transliteration from Russian, doubtless inherited from his sojourn in Germany) then makes a fundamental decision, which will put him in orbit he chooses as director of his Master s thesis, and later his Ph.D. thesis. Professor Theophile De Donder. 

Like many other Russian names, Mendeleev can be transliterated in several different ways. Mendeleyev has been the most common, but Mendeleev is a bit more accurate. 

In 1924, the Russian astronomer Numerov (transliterating his own name as Noumerov), published a paper [421] in which he described some improvements in approximations to derivatives, to help with numerical simulations of the movement of bodies in the solar system. His device has been adapted to the solution of pdes, and was introduced to electrochemistry by Bieniasz in 2003 [108]. The method described by Bieniasz is also called the Douglas equation in some texts such as that of Smith [514], where a rather clear description of the method is found. With the help of the Numerov method, it is possible to attain fourth order accuracy in the spatial second derivative, while using only the usual three points. The first paper by Bieniasz on this method treated equally spaced grids, and was followed by another on unequally spaced grids [107], The method makes it practical to use higher-order time derivative approximations without the complications of, say, the (6,5)-point scheme described above, which makes the solution of the system of equations a little complicated (and computer time consuming). 

Zaitsev is transliterated from the Russian, and may also be spelled Saytzeff. 

A. I. Kitaigorodskii s name appears in two versions in this book and even more in the literature. The rules of transliterations from the original Russian suggest Kitaigorodskii, but his name was transliterated on many of his publications as Kitaigorodsky. 

L. N. Yakhontov and M. V. Rubtsov, Zh. Obshch. Khim. 30, 3300 (1960) J.Gen.Chem. USSR English Transl.) 30, 3269 (1960). (The transliteration of the first letter of the first author s name to Y follows Ohem. Abstr. policy. The Russian Journals translate it as J or I , in which case it is indexed accordingly.)... 

Most chemical names in Russian are very similar to their Western equivalents, once transliteration from the Cyrillic alphabet has been applied. 

Thus far we have considered the variations of alphabetization of Roman letters. Since Cyrillic characters differ so greatly from the Roman, and those that do resemble Roman letters often have an entirely different phonetic value, it appears desirable here to limit ourselves to transliterated words. The experts in Russian should have no difficulty with Russian indexes. 

Russian is, of course, only one of the languages used in the Soviet Union. Of the many others, Ukrainian is probably the only one of interest to chemists the Ukrainian Biochemical Journal is well known. Compared to Russian, Ukrainian has four additional letters, and also lacks four letters, thus ending up with the same number as modem Russian. However, three letters common to both Ukrainian and Russian are pronounced differently. As stated before, these are matters that may be left to the Russian experts except where transliteration problems arise. 

Transliteration from Russian into French differs from German and English practice. Thus, the German transliteration of a Russian author may appear as Tschitschibabin whereas the French equivalent will be Chichibabin. 

The difTerent number of letters in different alphabets, the difference in phonetic value of identical letters in two alphabets or even languages, and the absence of phones (speech sounds) in one language common to another, complicate transliteration greatly. This instance is concerned with transliteration of Russian into English. 

Once a transliteration system is adopted, the rendition of originally Russian names into English and the location of these names in an English index is simple. However, names originally written in a Latin alphabet, then transposed into Russian and transliterated from the latter, are apt to become separated from their original forms. The following names are taken from a Chemical Abstracts author index. 

Of these, the Chemical Abstracts system appears preferable for these reasons The Board on Geographical Names allows a choice depending on the position of the Russian letter in transliterating letter 1. This is done to reproduce the phone of this letter more accurately, but it also opens the door to ambiguity. The use of y for 2 letters is particularly unfortunate, as 2 is readily confused with 5. 

For correct and intelligent transliteration, distinguishing between Russian and Ukrainian is a prerequisite. Careless handling of a foreign, however unfamiliar, language is as bad as sloppy use of one s own tongue. 

Belorussian differs slightly from the Russian and there too transliteration errors may cause grief to the searcher. One consolation to the indexer and searcher is that as yet the volume of scientific matter in this language is relatively small. 

The second plea is on behalf of two Russian letters which were somehow slighted. These letters are E sounded like yo and 9 sounded like a in bad, both of which are transliterated by e as the Cyrillic letter E. These letters are distinct and should be recognized as such. These two letters should continue to be represented by e and distinguished from each other and from the Cyrillic E by writing E for E and fi for 9. This is also recommended in the Bushell scheme. 

No discussion on transliteration of a foreign alphabet is complete without mentioning how this other alphabet is treating the Latin alphabet. In the Russian language foreign words and particularly proper nouns are spelled phonetically. A name is spelled so that phonetically it will reproduce the name as closely as possible the way it sounds in the... 

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