Rubidium fluoride, chloride, bromide

IONIC CRYSTAL. A crystal ihut consists effectively of ions bound lugclher by Iheir electrostatic attraction. Examples of such crystals are the alkali halides, including potassium fluoride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, sodium fluoride, and the other combinations of sodium, cesium, rubidium or lithium ions with fluoride, chloride, bromide or iodide ions. Many other types of ionic crystals are known,... 

The Equation of State of the Alkali Halides.—The alkali halides, the fluorides, chlorides, bromides, and iodides of lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, and caesium have been more extensively studied experimentally than any other group of ionic crystals. For most of these materials, enough data are available to make a fairly satisfactory comparison between experiment and theory. The observations include the compressibility and its change with pressure, at room temperature, from which the quantities ai(T), o2(r) of Eq. (1.1), Chap. XIII, can be found... 

H. Stamm also measured the solubilities of the salts of the alkalies in liquid ammonia —potassium hydroxide, nitrate, sulphate, chromate, oxalate, perchlorate, persulphate, chloride, bromide, iodide, carbonate, and chlorate rubidium chloride, bromide, and sulphate esesium chloride, iodide, carbonate, and sulphate lithium chloride and sulphate sodium phosphate, phosphite, hypophosphite, fluoride, chloride, iodide, bromate, perchlorate, periodate, hyponitrire, nitrite, nitrate, azide, dithionate, chromate, carbonate, oxalate, benzoate, phtnalate, isophthalate ammonium, chloride, chlorate, bromide, iodide, perchlorate, sulphate, sulphite, chromate, molybdate, nitrate, dithionate, thiosulphate, persulphate, thiocyanate, phosphate, phosphite, hypophosphite, arsenate, arsenite, amidosulphonate, ferrocyanide, carbonate, benzoate, methionate, phenylacetate, picrate, salicylate, phenylpropionate, benzoldisulphonate, benzolsulphonate, phthalate, trimesmate, mellitate, aliphatic dicarboxylates, tartrate, fumarate, and maleinate and phenol. 

Rubidium metal alloys with the other alkaU metals, the alkaline-earth metals, antimony, bismuth, gold, and mercury. Rubidium forms double haUde salts with antimony, bismuth, cadmium, cobalt, copper, iron, lead, manganese, mercury, nickel, thorium, and 2iac. These complexes are generally water iasoluble and not hygroscopic. The soluble mbidium compounds are acetate, bromide, carbonate, chloride, chromate, fluoride, formate, hydroxide, iodide. 

The structure of sodium chloride, which is the prototype for most of the alkali halides, is best described as a cubic closest packed array of Cl- ions with the Na+ ions in all of the octahedral holes [see Fig. 16.42(b)]. The relative sizes of these ions are such that rua 0.66i ci-> so this solid obeys the guidelines given previously. Note that the CP ions are forced apart by the Na+ ions, which are too large for the octahedral holes in the closest packed array of CP ions. Since the number of octahedral holes is the same as the number of packed spheres, all the octahedral holes must be filled with Na+ ions to achieve the required 1 1 stoichiometry. Most other alkali halides also have the sodium chloride structure. In fact, all the halides of lithium, sodium, potassium, and rubidium have this structure. Cesium fluoride has the sodium chloride structure but because of the large size of Cs+ ions, in this case the Cs ions form a cubic closest packed arrangement with the F ions in all the octahedral holes. On the other hand, cesium chloride, in which the Cs+ and CP ions are almost the same size, has a simple cubic structure of CP ions, with each Cs+ ion in the cubic hole in the center of each cube. The compounds cesium bromide and cesium iodide also have this latter structure. 

Hydrogen bromide Hydrogen chloride Hydrogen fluoride Indium hydride Rubidium hydride Stibine... 

Clusius K, Goldmann J, Perlick A (1949) Low- temperature research. VII. The specific heat of the alkali halides lithium fluoride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, rubidium bromide, and rubidium iodide between 10° and 273° abs. Z Naturforsch 4a 424—432... 

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