Hydrides indium

Reagent lor seiecth/e reduction ol ketones by means of an indium hydride. 

Tetraphenylporphyrin indium hydride (TPP)InH reacts with H2Os3(CO)10(NC5H5) in hot toluene to afford the cluster-bound indium-porphyrin complex H2Os3(CO)9(NC5H4)In(TPP), 56.86... 

GaH3)n has been described as a viscous liquid that decomposes at room temperature. Formulae such as InH and InH2 have been reported for the questionable indium hydrides. 

Liquid injection molding, for silicone rubbers, 3, 674—675 Liquid ligands, in metal vapor synthesis, 1, 229 Liquid-phase catalysis, supported, for green olefin hydroformylation, 12, 855 Lithiacarbaboranes, preparation, 3, 114 Lithiation, arene chromium tricarbonyls, 5, 236 Lithium aluminum amides, reactions, 3, 282 Lithium aluminum hydride, for alcohol reductions, 3, 279 Lithium borohydride, in hydroborations, 9, 158 Lithium gallium hydride, in reduction reactions, 9, 738 Lithium indium hydride, in carbonyl reductions, 9, 713—714... 

Various indium-based reductions of organic compounds have recently been developed with indium hydride reagents or by the use of the combination of indium salts with hydridosilane, -borane, and -stannane. 

Lithium indium hydride (LiInH4), prepared in situ by mixing LiH and InCl3 in ether, readily reduces aldehydes. Reduction of ketones is less effective giving lower yields of alcohols. A carbon-carbon double bond is not reduced.364 Acid chlorides are converted to esters with this reagent. Esters, in turn, are little affected. The reducing ability of... 

LiInH4 is increased by the introduction of phenyl group(s) LiPhInH3 and LiPh2InH2 readily reduce aldehydes, ketones, acid chlorides, and even esters to the corresponding alcohols. Hydroxy ketones and diketones are reduced with lithium indium hydride to give meso-diols selectively. a-Hydroxy ketones and a-diketones are reduced to meso-1,2-diols with high diastereoselectivities, whereas the selectivities of /3-hydroxyketones and /3-diketones are less satisfactory.365... 

The indium hydride compound, generated in situ from sodium borohydride and a catalytic amount of indium(m) chloride, selectively reduces carbon-carbon double bonds in conjugated alkenes such as a,a-dicyano olefins, a,/3-unsaturated nitriles, cyano esters, cyanophosphonates, diesters, and ketones (Scheme 107).372 This combined reagent system in acetonitrile reduces exclusively the a,/3-carbon-carbon double bond in a,/3,7,<5-unsaturated diaryl ketones, dicarboxylic esters, cyano esters, and dicyano compounds (Scheme 108).373... 

Highly regioselective radical addition of the indium hydride reagent HInCl2 to alkynes has been achieved. Various functionalities are tolerant under the reaction conditions. The reaction proceeds with complete // -stereoselectivity. Alkenylindium compounds obtained by this hydroindation can be employed for the subsequent cross-coupling reactions with aryl halides in one pot (Scheme 109).374,375... 

A mixed indium hydride halide complex, (l) InH2Cl (29) has been prepared from the 1 1 reaction of [InH2Cl(NMe3) ] with carbene (1) (R = Mes, R = H), as shown in Scheme iP The structure of (29) is monomeric with the geometry at the In center close to tetrahedral. The In-C distance (2.244(6) A) is similar to those observed in (28) (2.200(7) A) and (25) (2.253(5) A). A related mixed gallium hydride iodide complex (1) GaH2l (30) has been isolated from the reaction of (26) with GaT, with concomitant deposition of galhum metal. Complex (30) is isostructural with the related indium complex (29) and has a Ga-C bond distance of 2.022(4) A. 

H2lnNH2, and H2lnPH2- The IR data of these speeies are reported. There is also a growing interest in the use of indium hydrides in organie synthesis. For example, indium hydride speeies generated from a mixture of InCls and NaBH4 are shown to be promising alternatives to BusSnH systems. 

Lithium indium hydride (LiInH4), prepared in situ by mixing LiH and InCb in... 

Scheme 6 Syntheses of Indium hydride compounds, Refs. 43,44...

Balasubramanian K (1990) Spectroscopic constants and potential energy curves for indium hydrides (InH and InH ). J Phys Chem 94 6582-6588... 

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