Royal section

Anet et al. [73] have cited a French parlor trick called la coupe du roi—the royal section—in which an apple is bisected into two homochiral halves, as shown in Figure 2-46. An apple can be easily bisected into two achiral halves. On the other hand, it is impossible to bisect an apple into two heterochiral halves. Two heterochiral halves, however, can be obtained from two apples, both cut into two homochiral halves in the opposite sense. According to la coupe du roi two vertical half cuts are made through the apple. One cut goes from the top to the equator, and another, perpendicularly, from the bottom to the equator. In addition, two nonadjacent quarter cuts are made along the equator. If all this is properly done, the apple should separate into two homochiral halves. 

The 3.8-nonadienoate 91, obtained by dimerization-carbonylation, has been converted into several natural products. The synthesis of brevicomin is described in Chapter 3, Section 2.3. Another royal jelly acid [2-decenedioic acid (149)] was prepared by cobalt carbonyl-catalyzed carbonylation of the terminal double bond, followed by isomerization of the double bond to the conjugated position to afford 149[122], Hexadecane-2,15-dione (150) can be prepared by Pd-catalyzed oxidation of the terminal double bond, hydrogenation of the internal double bond, and coupling by Kolbe electrolysis. Aldol condensation mediated by an organoaluminum reagent gave the unsaturated cyclic ketone 151 in 65% yield. Finally, the reduction of 151 afforded muscone (152)[123]. n-Octanol is produced commercially as described beforc[32]. 

Trevor A. Kletz, D.Sc., Senior Visiting Research Fellow, Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, U.K. Fellow, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Royal Academy of Engineers (U.K.), Institution of Chemical Engineers (U.K.), and Royal Society of Chemistry (U.K.) (Section 26, Process Safety)... 

The situation with regard to economic considerations has been so well stated in the First Report of the British Royal Commission on Environmental Pollution (1) that this section contains an extensive quotation from that report. 

The most recent UK Royal Ordnance Factory (ROF) continuous process for the manuf of TNT is described by Thomas (Ref 90b). It uses a novel method of achieving continuous counter-current contacting between heavy and light phases in the trinitration section and some of the washing stages . The plant is also designed to operate based on the use of 96—100% sulfuric acid in the trinitration stage instead of the oleum used at Radford TNT Purification. 

Photo-de-diazoniation has found relatively little application in organic synthesis, as is clearly evident from the annual Specialist Periodical Reports on Photochemistry published by the Royal Society of Chemistry. Since the beginning of these reports (1970) they have contained a section on the elimination of nitrogen from diazo compounds, written since 1973 by Reid (1990). In the 1980s (including 1990), at least 90% of each report is concerned with dediazoniations of diazoalkanes and non-quinon-oid diazo ketones, the rest being mainly related to quinone diazides and only occasionally to arenediazonium salts. 

General surveys of advances in coordination chemistry appear in Annual Reports , The Royal Society of Chemistry, London, Section A. More specialized reports were published in the form of the Specialist Periodical Reports Inorganic Chemistry of the Transition Elements , The Chemical Society, London (Volumes 1-6), which reviewed the literature published between 1971 and 1976, and the Specialist Periodical Reports Inorganic Chemistry of the Main Group Elements , The Chemical Society, London (Volumes 1-5), which reviewed the literature published between 1971 and 1976. Both these series have now been discontinued. 

The oldest annual review publication still publishing is Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry, published by the Royal Society of Chemistry (formerly the chemical Society), which began in 1905 and which covers the whole field of chemistry. Since 1967 it has been divided into sections. Organic chemistry is found in Section B. 

McCormack, R D., Combustible vortex rings. Proceedings of the Royal Irish Academy, 71, Section A(6) 73-83, 1971. 

A) longitudinal projection (B) cross-sectional projection. Reprinted with permission from [154], A. Vinu et al.J. Mater. Chem. 2005. 15, 5122. 2005. Royal Society of Chemistry. 

Dr. Comyns was one of the founders of the Applied Solid State Chemistry Group of the Royal Society of Chemistry. He has been Chairman of the Industrial Inorganic Chemicals Group of the Royal Society of Chemistry and Chairman of the Liverpool Section of the Society of Chemical Industry. 

The Academie Royale des Sciences, first established in 1666, set up six sections in 1699 geometry, mechanics, astronomy, chemistry, botany, and anatomy. Lavoisier, as a member of the chemistry section, helped create a seventh section, "physique generate," in 1785. Previously, "physique" might be used as an umbrella term for the sciences now it was a separate science. 31... 

The Academie Royale des Sciences was established in 1666 with fifteen members but no classes or sections. See Maurice Crosland, "The French Academy of Sciences in the Nineteenth Century," Minerva 16 (Spring 1978) 73102, on 75 and Oeuvres de Lavoisier, IV (Paris Imprimerie nationale, 1868) 559. A useful source for the Academy is the Index biographique de l Academie des Sciences, 16661978 (Paris Gauthier-Vi liars, 1979), and for the Academy in the nineteenth century, Maurice Crosland, Science Under Control The French Academy of Sciences 17951914 (Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1992). 

The nonspecialized scientific tradition that was pursued until the 1840s at the Royal Society was characteristic of many British and American scientific academies and societies in the eighteenth and early nineteenth century. The Edinburgh Philosophical Society (founded in 1737) set up two broad divisions, for example. There was a section for chemistry, anatomy, botany, medicine, metals and minerals, natural history, and "what is of a more particular nature" and a section for "the general parts" of science, namely, geometry, astronomy, mechanics, optics, and geography. 3 8... 

McCleverty, J.A. (2004) Highlights in inorganic chemistry over the last 100 Years In Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, eds. Berry, F.J. and Jones, C.J. (Royal Society of Chemistry, H.Charlesworth Co. Ltd., Wakefield), Vol. 100, Section 4, p. 3. 

The half-wave potentials of K+, Tl+ and Ca2+ in water are slightly more negative and thosefor Zn2+, Cd2+, Mn2+, Ni2+ and Co2+ considerably more negative than is expected according to the donicity rule. It has been shown in the previous sections that water is a rather unique solvent. The effect in question may be interpreted by the so-called Katzin-effect according to which water forms a royal core of coordinated water molecules which are hooked together by hydrogen bonds 70,71>122,1231. 

In Dresden Bottger was confined in a section of the royal castle that was equipped with a laboratory. He was given three assistants to help him pursue his quest for gold, and two members of Augustus s court were assigned to supervise the work. Bottger was allowed to talk to no one other than these five. But of course they were not his only human contacts he also had his guards. 

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