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Round billets

After considerable investigation of door types, the radiation door shown in Fig. 3.1.A was adopted. It is a round billet of steel with two eccentrically located holes one hole fdras a portion of the been hole while the other is filled with lead and provides.a radiation shield. The door is free to... [Pg.108]

Fig. 121 illustrates the tools used in various methods of tube extrusion, when - as is general practice - round billets are used. Sketch a shows the tools most frequently used when extruding tubes employing a normal mandrel, i. e. not a stepped one. [Pg.146]

Ingots, Billets, Blooms, Beam Blanks, Rounds... [Pg.93]

Inclined hearth furnaces tend to create more natural draft, pulling in cold air at the low end of the incline. Excessive hearth inclination interferes with pressure conditions in the furnace. (See chap. 7.) An inclination of more than 8 degrees is rare. The safe length of hearth also depends upon the shape of the contacting surfaces of the billets. If the billets or slabs have round edges, climbing occurs easily. Crooked billets also tend to climb. [Pg.156]

Regenerative burners and oxy-fuel firing lack mass flow to load bottoms in pits, therefore increasing top-to-bottom temperature differentials from 40°F to 100°F (22°F to 56°C). (See sec. 7.4.6.) B = batch. C = continuous. He = hot charge. Hr = heat recovery. Rec = recuperative. Reg = regenerative, longs = billets, blooms, pipe, rails, and structurals (but not rounds or short pieces). [Pg.203]

Removable Steel Shiejd., Between the removable concrete shield and the removable steel shield is a void 5 in. wide which is used for cooling-water pipe connections. Behind this space is a round steel billet mounted flush with the reactor face, which provides a convenient shield for the plug cooling-water connections, this billet is of necessity readily removable. Based on calculations of cooling-water activity, this, steel is required to be approximately 8 in. thick. [Pg.109]

Technical Working Area 3, Structural Ceramics, has conducted thirteen major round robins over the course of 13 years, including five round robins and 4,500 experiments on fracture toughness alone.The 1993 to 1994 round robin featured the surface crack in flexure (SCF) method. Twenty laboratories around the world obtained very consistent results on test specimens from a single billet (designated E ) of the NC... [Pg.534]

Twenty-five test specimens from billet D were tested and produced 37 test results. Many SCF and SEPB fragments halves were retested as short SEPB specimens to minimize the number of specimens expended from this smaller than normal batch. Billet D had somewhat greater variability than the other two billets, yet on average it had a similar fracture toughness as billets C and billet E (used in the VAMAS round robin). The cause for the increased variability in billet D could not be conclusively identified, but two of the SCF test pieces that had low fracture toughnesses (4.02 MPay m and 4.19 MPa m) also produced low fracture toughnesses when their halves were retested as miniature SEPB specimens (as described below). [Pg.547]

SRM 2100 may be used a variety of ways. The most obvious usage will be to help engineers, researchers, and technicians confirm that their SEPB, SCF, or CNB procedures are sound. Our use of NC 132 in the 1994 to 1995 VAMAS SCF round robin exemplifies this. Most users obtained good results on specimens from billet E. In the few instances where problems occurred, and data was atypical or deviant, it was usually possible to review the testing procedure and find the origin of the discrepancy. [Pg.554]

N B.—Billets of Classes 5 and 6 are not planed nor are their edges rounded off. [Pg.180]

The press of about 2,000 tons capacity is capable of extruding billets of 250 mm diameter and 1,100 mm length. The sequence of the charging operations may be automated by very simple means. A belt conveyor feeds the lead pigs into the melting kettle. The molten lead flows into two cylindrical molds from which the billets are alternately ejected through the top by a hydraulic ram. The billet is then placed in the container by a gripper which pivots with its arm round a column mounted at the side of the press. All of these operations are performed electrically and initiated from a control desk. [Pg.47]

The early extrusion presses were mainly used for the production of round rod and other solid sections. Tubes were manufactured by attaching a mandrel to the extrusion ram and forcing a biUet which had been provided with a central bore, through an annulus formed by mandrel and die. The billet was not pierced in the container as the material available for the mandrels could not withstand the high stresses occurring. This method of extruding tubes was of course imperfect. Steps were, however, taken to improve machinery and materials which led finally to the combined tube and rod extrusion press in which the solid billet is pierced by the mandrel prior to extrusion. Simultaneously there were developed vertical presses for the extrusion of small diameter tubes. [Pg.62]

Calculation of the extrusion force, i. e. of the necessary ram force, at close approximation is only possible in few, particularly simple cases, because it depends on a variety of factors that can only be evaluated in an imperfect manner. These factors include the resistance to deformation of the alloy to be extruded, in dependence of the temperature and speed at which the work is performed, the resistances caused by the varying flow phenomena in the billet, the frictional resistance on the tools, the extrusion ratio, the shape of the section, etc. The latter factor alone may essentially increase the required force, if the section is of intrical shape as compared with round rods of identical cross-sectional area (see Fig. 107). [Pg.127]

Fig. 114. Flow lines in billet in indirect extrusion Fig. 115. Flow lines in round bar in in-(Peakson) direct extrusion (Pearson)... Fig. 114. Flow lines in billet in indirect extrusion Fig. 115. Flow lines in round bar in in-(Peakson) direct extrusion (Pearson)...

See other pages where Round billets is mentioned: [Pg.73]    [Pg.71]    [Pg.73]    [Pg.282]    [Pg.156]    [Pg.322]    [Pg.537]    [Pg.146]    [Pg.73]    [Pg.71]    [Pg.73]    [Pg.282]    [Pg.156]    [Pg.322]    [Pg.537]    [Pg.146]    [Pg.382]    [Pg.219]    [Pg.374]    [Pg.46]    [Pg.882]    [Pg.264]    [Pg.266]    [Pg.329]    [Pg.382]    [Pg.245]    [Pg.346]    [Pg.382]    [Pg.215]    [Pg.426]    [Pg.541]    [Pg.615]    [Pg.532]    [Pg.542]    [Pg.116]    [Pg.333]    [Pg.421]    [Pg.437]    [Pg.448]    [Pg.172]    [Pg.196]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.156 ]




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