Rosen oxide

Preparation and properties of high valent first row transition metal oxides and halides. C. Rosen-blum and S. L. Holt, Transition Met. Chem. (N.Y.), 1972, 7,87-182 (303). 

Hiramatsu, K., Rosen, H., Heinecke, J.W., Wolfbaur, G. and Chait, A. (1987). Superoxide initiates oxidation of low density lipoprotein by human monocytes. Arteriosclerosis 7, 55-60. 

Another type of spin traps, which have been recommended for the detection of superoxide, are the derivatives of hydroxylamine. In 1982, Rosen et al. [25] showed that superoxide is able to oxidize the hydroxylamine derivative 2-ethyl-1-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-3-oxazoli-dine (OXANOH) to corresponding free radical 2-ethyl-1-hydroxy-2,5,5-trimethyl-3-oxazolidinoxyl (OXANO). Although this radical is very stable and easily identified by its ESR spectrum, it is also easily reduced by ascorbic acid and other reductants. Furthermore, OXANOH and other hydroxylamines are oxidized by dioxygen in the presence of transition metal ions to form superoxide, and therefore, superoxide detection must be carried out in the presence of chelators. 

Wassmann S, Laufs U, Stamenkovic D, Linz W, Stasch JP, Ahlbory K, Rosen R, Bohm M, Nickening G (2002) Raloxifene improves endothelial dysfunction in hypertension by reduced oxidative stress and enhanced nitric oxide production. Circulation 105 2083-2091... 

If Epon as Polybed 812 is employed, a graded alcohol series followed by a transitional solvent such as propylene oxide and progressive propylene oxide-Polybed is desired. (Updated from Dashek and Rosen [2].)... 

Hebestreit, K., J. Stutz, D. Rosen, V. Matveiv, M. Peleg, M. Luria, and U. Platt, DOAS Measurements of Tropospheric Bromine Oxide in Mid-Latitudes, Science, 283, 55-57 (1999). 

Beckman, J. S., Minor, R. M., Jr., White, C. J., Repine, J., Rosen, G. M., and Freeman, B. A. (1988). Superoxide dismutase and catalase conjugated to polyethylene glycol increases endothelial enzyme activity and oxidant resistance. J. Biol. Chem. 263, 6584-6802. 

Matveev V, Peleg M, Rosen D, Tov-Alper DS, Hebestreit K, Stuta J, Platt U, Blake D, Luria M (2001) Bromine Oxide-Ozone Interaction over the Dead Sea. J Geophys Res 106 10375... 

Tsai P, Porasuphatana S, Pou S, Rosen GM (2000) Investigations into the spin trapping of nitric oxide and superoxide models to explore free radical generation by nitric oxide synthase. J Chem Soc Perkin Trans 2 983-988... 

Zaharchuk G, Hara H, Huang PL, Fishman MC, Moskowitz MA, Jenkins BG, Rosen BR (1997) Neuronal nitric oxide synthase mutant mice show smaller infarcts and attenuated apparent diffusion coefficient changes in the peri-infarct zone during focal cerebral ischemia. Magn Reson Med 37 170-175... 

Hebestreit K., Stutz J., Rosen D., Matveiv V., Peleg M., Luria M., and Platt U. (1999) DOAS measurements of tropospheric bromine oxide in mid-latitudes. Science 283, 55-57. 

Prinn R., Cunnold D., Rasmussen R., Simmonds P., Alyea E., Crawford A., Fraser P., and Rosen R. (1990) Atmospheric emissions and trends of nitrous-oxide deduced from 10 years of ALE-GAGE data. J. Geophys. Res. 95, 18369-18385. 

E. Fridell, U. Westblom, M. Alden, and A. Rosen, Spatially resolved laser-induced fluorescence imaging of OH produced in the oxidation of hydrogen on platinum, J. CataL 725 92 (1991). 

Pou, S., Pou, WS, Bredt, DS, Snyder, SH, and Rosen, GM. 1992. Generation of superoxide by purified brain nitric oxide synthase. J Biol Chem 267 24173-24176. 

BrezisM, Heyman SN, Dinour D, Epstein FH, Rosen S Role of nitric oxide in renal medullary oxygenation. Studies in isolated and intact rat kidneys. J Clin Invest 88 390-5,1991... 

Agmon Y, Peleg H, Greenfeld Z, Rosen S, Brezis M. Nitric oxide and prostanoids protect the renal outer medulla from radiocontrast toxicity in the rat. J Clin invest 1994 94 1069-1075. 

Details have been published of the total syntheses of velbanamine, isovel-banamine, cleavamine, 18/3-carbomethoxycleavamine, and catharanthine. Rosen-mund s route to the iboga alkaloids has now been appropriately modified to yield ibogamine and ibogaine, in addition to epi-ibogamine, and details of this work are also available. Hydroboration-oxidation of (227), presumably obtained by a thio-Claisen rearrangement [cf. (200)- (201)] affords the alcohol (228) which is a key intermediate in a Kutney-type synthesis of cleavamine however, details of the synthesis are not yet available. ... 

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