Roles of dietary lipids

A small amount of lingual lipase is also present and plays a role in the breakdown of dietary lipid. This enzyme is optimally active at an acidic pH and therefore remains active through the stomach and into the intestine. 

Note The role of lingual lipase in the digestion of dietary lipids is minor because it accounts for less than 10% of the enzymatic breakdown of triglycerides. 

This chapter introduces the contemporary understanding of food lipids in nutrition and health. The health aspects of dietary lipids and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of PUFA actions are also discussed. A primary focus is placed on the role of dietary fat in cardiovascular disease and atherosclerosis. 

Hayes and Khosla (1992) suggested that PA may be neutral in normocholesterolaemic subjects if the diet contains little cholesterol and linoleic acid intake is adequate. Fattore and Fanelli (2013) reviewed the scientific literature on the evidence of the relationship between palm oil and adverse effeets on hmnan health and concluded that there is no elear evidence of a negative role of PA on health and much less of native palm oil, whieh is a eomplex alimentary matrix, in whieh PA is only one of its components. However, more reeent lipid research on the topie seems to have reconsidered the negative role of dietary SFAs as a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. For instance, lamic acid and myristic acid have a greater total cholesterol-raising effect than PA, whereas stearic acid has a neutral effeet on the concentration of total serum eholesterol, including no apparent impact on either LDL or HDL (Daley etal, 2010). 

Teshima S-I, Kanazawa A (1978) Hemolymph lipids of the prawn. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish 44 925 Teshima S-I, Kanazawa A (1980) Transport of dietary lipids and role of serum lipoproteins in the prawn. Bull Jpn Soc Sci Fish 46 51-55... 

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