Rockets payload

The most advanced among today s projects is the future American reusable launch system known as Venture Star. It utilizes two new concepts that are expected to boost efficiency and cut down the cost of a payload. The first is the single stage-to-orbit concept—the launch vehicle carries the entire propellant load and does not have any expendable parts. The latter is planned to be achieved by a revolutionary rocket engine design called Aerospike. The bell-shaped noz-... 

Inside the plastic cone at the head of the rocket might be a payload of small green stars, each about the size of a pea, based on a composition containing barium nitrate (36%), potassium chlorate (48%), shellac (13%) and dextrin (3%). 

A length of match or a pressing of delay fuse connects the rocket motor with the payload so that when the motor burns-out the fuse is lit and communicates with an ejection charge of gunpowder which ignites and ejects the stars. 

The largest RYUSEI rocket is said to be 18 m in length and weighs around 40 kg (sic). Built in three sections the head or payload section holds sequential fireworks and smoke dragons attached externally, while the combustion chamber is made from split pine logs, gouged out and then re-assembled to make a cylinder. 

PAYLOAD The total mass of pyrotechnic effects carried by a rocket, etc. 

Payload. Generally that part of the load which is expandable, deliverable, or ready for use in direct accomplishment of the mission. In a projectile the explosive or other filler. In a guided missile or rocket, the warhead compartment and that which is carried in it (Ref 40a, p 108-L)... 

Classification, Missiles are commonly classified by their launch and target environments, as well as by popular names. Other methods of classifying guided missiles are by trajectory, speed (subsonic, sonic or supersonic), propulsion (air breathers, usually jets or rockets), guidance (command, Inertial or homing), payload (such as nuclear, high explosive, or electronic jammer), and purpose (strategic or tactical, offensive or defensive)... 

A chemical-type payload for this rocket (total wt 58.1 lb, payload 20 lb, length 4.1 ft, range 2 miles velocity 475 mph) was developed later... 

A further difficulty is the loss of payioaa resulting from the incorporation of a rocket motor in the projectile. In parallel with the development of the RAP rounds, therefore, there is also a program aimed at increasing the effectiveness of the reduoed payload by the use of new materials and processes in the construction of... 

Stooge Rocket First radio-controlled rocket developed in Engl as a possible defense against bombers carrying atomic payloads. The weapon had a speed of over 5 OOmph, and a range of approx 8 miles... 

Figure 13. A photograph of the RBFWI integrated into the payload of an atmospheric sounding rocket.

The integral functional unit consisting of initiator and igniter devices, rocket engine, guiding equipment, and useful payload. -> Rocket Motor. 

Pennington D.F., Man T. and Persons B., "Rocket Propulsion Hazard Summary Safety Classification. Handling Experience and Application to Space Schuttle Payload", NASA CR-145185 (1977)... 

Combustion reactions are excessively used in propellant systems. The impulse of the gaseous combustion products is used to propel a payload. For obvious technical reasons, the burning temperature of a rocket engine is of interest. The adiabatic flame temperature of combustion (Tad) is the temperature at which reactants and products do not differ in enthalpy. The enthalpies of the components of the system have to be calculated from their standard enthalpy by adding of the enthalpy caused by heating to Tad. This is where the specific heat capacity Cv comes into play. Unfortunately, the component ratios of the system are functions of the temperature, necessitating the use of iterative calculations of Tad. 

It is interesting to note at this point that polynitrogen compounds are not only of great interest as explosives, but also as rocket propellants. For example, a specific impulse of 408 s and a combustion chamber temperature of 7500 I< have been predicted for N4 (rd) (and for N8 an 7sp of 500 s). From experience, since an increase in the specific impulse of 20 s results in a doubling of the payload, this would be a massive improvement. Furthermore, since polynitrogen compounds exhibit smoke-free combustion, they are also of big interest for tactical rockets. 

TAG-DN and HAT-DN are therefore potentially good candidates for use as explosives. But compounds with good oxygen balances are also suitable as components in rocket propellants. An increase in the specific impulse 7Sp of only 20 s should be enough to allow almost a doubling of the payload. Figure 12.4 shows the calculated specific impulse (isobaric, p = 70 bar) for AP / Al (AP / Al) (70 30), HAT-N03, HAT-DN and TAG-DN. 

As a rule of thumb by how much would one need to increase the specific impulse I p of a rocket in order to double its payload ... 

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