Burns temperature

Heating zone, where the charge is heated to the reaction temperature, i.e., the decomposition temperature for limestone or burning temperature for cement... 

The dried bricks are burned in either periodic or tunnel Idlns at temperatures ranging between 1,200 and 1,500°C (2,200 and 2,700°F). Tunnel Idlns give continuous production and a uniform burning temperature. 

Thermochemistry in the polymeric matrix follows a different pattern. Decabromobiphenyl ether 1 does cyclize according to the following reaction yielding brominated dibenzofurans (PBDF). The optimal yield for PBDF depends on the applied burning temperature (refs. 14,15) this itself depends on the kind of polymeric matrix, which is shown below for incineration at the DIN-oven (Fig. 5). 

The age at which Li depletion occurs increases with decreasing mass (and Li-burning temperatures are never reached for M < 0.06 M0). As luminosity, L oc M2 for PMS stars, the luminosity at which complete Li depletion takes place is therefore a sensitive function of age between about 10 and 200 Myr [6]. This relationship depends little on ingredients of the PMS models such as the treatments of convection and interior radiative opacities because the stars are... 

Double-based propellants are a mixture of nitrocellulose and nitroglycerine. This mixture increases the pressure of the gas inside the gun barrel. Double-base propellants are used in pistols and mortars. Some disadvantages of using double-base propellants is the erosion that this mixture causes to the gun barrel due to higher burn temperatures and the presence of muzzle flash. 

Triple-based propellants are mixtures of nitroguanidine, nitrocellulose, and nitroglycerine. The mixture reduces the muzzle flash observed with double-based propellants, reduces the burn temperature, which protects the gun barrel, and increases the gas volume. Triple-based propellants are used in tank guns, large caliber guns, and some naval weapons. 

One good method of exploring the effects of variables on kiln performance is to prepare performance maps of appropriate subspaces of the kiln performance space. The most widely used map for this application was a graph of catalyst circulation rate versus carbon burned. Temperature and bum-off constraint curves were used to define the operating region given as shaded areas in Fig. 14. The conditions for the kiln used in Fig. 14 are given in Table IV. 

First-Fire Composition. It is usually a mechanical mixture of an illuminating compn with BkPdr, as was defined under item 3. However, for certain items, it may be a special composition which is nonhygroscopic, easily ignitable mixture with high-burning temperature (Ref 37, p 6)... 

The term burning characteristics might include burning rate, burning time, burning temperature and some other properties... 

In practice, types of burning equipment, rate of burning, temperature and thickness of the fire bed, distribution of ash-forming minerals in the coal, and viscosity of the molten ash may influence ash behavior more than do the laboratory-determined ash fusibility characteristics. The correlation of the laboratory test with the actual utilization of coal is only approximate, due to the relative homogeneity of the laboratory test sample compared to the heterogeneous mixture of ash that occurs when coal is burned. Conditions that exist during the combustion of coal are so complex that they are impossible to duplicate completely in a small-scale laboratory test. Therefore, the test should be considered only as an empirical one, and the data should be considered qualitative and should not be overinterpreted. 

Recent neutron scattering measurements [25] have revealed a well-defined fe (TO) soft mode in pmn at high temperatures that becomes overdamped by the polar nanoregions below the Burns temperature, Td. Thus, while the soft mode below Td is not a well-defined excitation in the spectrum, the large value of e and its strong temperature and pressure dependences between Td and Tm clearly implicate low-lying optic mode excitations. 

Deterrents are used to coat the powder, reducing the initial bum rate, and lowering the burn temperature. Deterrents used include dinitrotoluenes, ethyl centralite, methyl centralite, and phthalates. Inorganic additives such as earth metal salts are added as flash suppressants, and opacifiers such as carbon black can be added to increase the reproducibility of the burn rate [34], Note that several of the listed additive chemicals serve multiple purposes, as summarized in Table 5. Ethyl centralite can be applied as a stabilizer, a plasticizer, and a deterrent. Similarly, dinitrotoluenes can be used as both a plasticizer and a deterrent. Table 6 represents composition data from six powder... 

Figure 2. Carbon on catalyst I as a function of burning temperature (after burning with the ozone-air mixture (curve O3) and the 02-N2 mixture (curve 02)). In the case of the ozone-air mixture, the gas flow rate was 50 ml/min and the burning time was 12 h.

Figure 3, a) Carbon on catalyst I after burning with the ozone-air mixture as a function of burning temperature at different values of time-on-stream, b) Ozone concentration at the reactor outlet as a function of temperature (empty reactor). For a and b ozone-air mixture flow rate = 54 ml/min, pressure 0.1 MPa. 

Explosive silicon burning occurs in supernova explosions when the silicon is suddenly heated to temperatures well in excess of its quiescent burning temperature and therefore burns quite rapidly (in seconds). In Type la supernovae this happens when a runaway nuclear burning causes the temperature to overshoot stable burning, leading to a quasiequilibrium that is quite close to thermal equilibrium in Type II supernovae it occurs when the rebounding shock wave blasts the silicon shell of the presupernova star and heats it suddenly, so that the silicon undergoes rapid photodestruction and quasiequilibrium transmutation. 

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