Roberts, Julia

If you are still having trouble narrowing your ideas down on paper, another way to refine your ideas is to practice saying your thesis out loud to a friend or relative. A good way to think of this is to pretend that you are a Hollywood director and you are pitching your film idea to an influential producer. If you want a producer to invest millions of dollars and make a big budget movie, you ve got to get him or her interested in your idea, or pitch, immediately. As a writer, you are the director of your paper and you ve got to get your audience, or reader, interested immediately. Most often, you wiU only have sixty seconds to run your idea past a producer, so you need to sum up your movie and your idea very neatly and succinctly. Maybe you want Brad Pitt or Julia Roberts to star in your movie, but you are a newcomer to Hollywood and this is your first movie. How would you convince a producer to invest in your idea Similarly, how do you convince a reader to spend time reading your paper A powerful thesis statement will do the trick. For example, if you say to the Hollywood producer ... 

I would like to thank Eric Roberts, R. Malcolm Brown, Jr., Kevin Hicks and Julia Goplerud for many helpful suggestions during the preparation of this manuscript. 

TABLE 14. Epoxidation results obtained under Julia-Colonna and Roberts conditions... 

EnQy o R R2 Method s Julia-Colonna conditions Roberts conditions Ref- erence... 

Adger, B.M., Barkley, J V. Bergeron, S., Cappi, M.W., Elowerdew, B.E., Jackson, M. R, McCague, R., Nugent, T.C. and Roberts, S.M. Improved Procedure for Julia-Colonna Asymmetric Epoxidation of a,/l-Unsaturated Ketones Total Synthesis of Diltiazem and Taxol Side-chain. J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 1 1997, 23, 3501-3507. 

Entry 0 R1 R2 R2 Method Julia-Colonna conditions yield ee (%) (%) Roberts conditions yield ee (%) (%) Ref- erence... 

Moog, R. S., 268 Mortimer, Robert G., 28 Papanikolas, John M., 194 Scerri, Eric, 59 Schnitker, Jurgen, 207 Schoolcraft, Tracy A., 1 Schwenz, Richard W., 237 Sension, Roseanne J., 220 Spencer, J. N., 268 Tsaparlis, Georgios, 75 Van Hecke, Gerald R., 11 Zielinski, Theresa Julia, 177... 

The Julia-Colonna epoxidation uses poly-L-leucine and hydrogen peroxide to effect enantioselective epoxidation of chalconc derivatives such as 12. In a pair of back-to-back papers (Tetrahedron Lett. 2004,45, 5065 and 5069), H.-Christian Militzer of Bayer Healthcare AG, Wuppertal, reports a detailed optimization of this procedure. In the following paper (Tetrahedron Lett. 2004,45,5073), Stanley Roberts of the University of Liverpool reports the extension of this procedure to unsaturated sulfones such as 14. 

Pierre Chaurand, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN Julia E. Fulghum, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque Rigoberto Hernandez, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta Daniel A. Higgins, Kansas State University, Manhattan Robert Hwang, Sandia National Laboratory, Albuquerque, NM Katrin Kneipp, Harvard Medical School and Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA... 

In the 1980s, Julia and Colonna discovered that the Weitz-Scheffer epoxidation of enones such as chalcone (4, Scheme 2) by alkaline hydrogen peroxide is catalyzed in a highly enantioselective fashion by poly-amino acids such as poly-alanine or poly-leucine (Julia et al. 1980, 1982). The poly-amino acids used for the Julia-Colonna epoxidation are statistical mixtures, the maximum length distribution being around 20-25 mers (Roberts et al. 1997). The most fundamental question to be addressed refers to the minimal structural element (i.e. the minimal peptide length) required for catalytic activity and enantioselectiv-ity. To tackle this question, we have synthesized the whole series of L-leucine oligomers from 1- to 20-mer on a solid support (Berkessel... 

Roberts SM, Bentley PA, Kroutil W, Littlechild JA (1997) Preparation of polyamino acid catalysts for use in Julia asymmetric epoxidation. Chirality 9 198-202... 

Source Adapted with permission from a table in Sawyer, 0. A., Julia, H. L, and Turin. A. C. (1982). Caffeine and human behavior Arousal, anxiety, and performance effects. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 5, pp. 41 439 (Plenum Press) and in Kenny, M.. and Darragh, A. (1985), Central effeas of caffeine in man. in S. D. Iverson (ed.). Fsychopharmacology Recent Advances and Future Prospects, pp, 278-288 (Oxford University Press). Also adapted from information in Barone and Roberts (1996), Clementz and Dailey (1988). and Greden and Walters (1992). Up ted 2006. 

Built like Cameron Diaz—long and skinny — Eleuthera drew the Charlie s Angel herself this past June with fellow Angel Drew Barrymore. Lenny Kravitz (whose grandfather was born on Inagua) and Patti LaBelle own homes here, and Julia Roberts and Robin Williams have both escaped to the green hills and dramatic cliffs of this out island. .. Off the northern tip of Eleuthera, trendy Harbour Island is a hot-bed of Hollywood who s who CT L staff spotted Robert De Niro having dinner at the Rock House restaurant just as we went to press. 

As an example, chromium is found in two different oxidation states, i.e. Cr(m) and Cr(vi). However, while Cr(m) is beneficial to humans (within a certain concentration range), Cr(vi) is toxic, thus leading to the formation of cancers. This particular information has recently been brought to the attention of the public via the film Erin Brockovich , starring Julia Roberts. This film, which was released in 2000, is a true story based... 

High enantioselectivity and good yields have been obtained in asymmetric epoxidation of enones. Roberts modification of the Julia epoxidation using an immobilized polyleucine catalyst now represents a simple, practical method for enone epoxidation. Of the metal-based systems, the most economical and practical method is probably Enders protocol, despite the fact that it uses stoichiometric amounts of metal and hgand, as all the reagents are commercially available and cheap. It is difficult to compare the polypeptide-based catalysts with the metal based catalysts in terms of overall efficiency. 

Robert L. Phillips, Robin E. Ernst, Brian Brmnk, Natalia Ivanova, Mark A. Mahan, Julia K. Deanehan, Kateri A. Moore, G. Christian Overton, Ihor R. Lemischka, The Genetic Program of Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Science, 288 (2000), 1635-1640. 

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