Riddell

G. Binsch, Top. Stereochem. 3 97 (1968) F. G. Riddell, Nucl. Magn. Reson. 12 246 (1983) J. Sandstrom, Dynamic NMR Spectroscopy Academic Press, New %rk, 1982 J. L. Marshall, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Veilag Chemie, Deerfield Beach, Florida, 1983 M. Oki, Applications of Dynamic NMR to Organic Chemistry, VCH Publishers, Deerfield Beach, Florida, 1985 Y. Takeuchi and A. P. Marchand, eds.. Applications of NMR Spectroscopy in Stereochemistry and Corformationol Analysis, VCH Publishers, Deerfield Beach, Florida, 1986. 

Commercial processes Commercial electroless nickel plating stems from an accidental discovery by Brenner and Riddell made in 1944 during the electroplating of a tube, with sodium hypophosphite added to the solution to reduce anodic oxidation of other bath constituents. This led to a process available under licence from the National Bureau of Standards in the USA. Their solutions contain a nickel salt, sodium hypophosphite, a buffer and sometimes accelerators, inhibitors to limit random deposition and brighteners. The solutions are used as acid baths (pH 4-6) or, less commonly, as alkaline baths (pH 8-10). Some compositions and operating conditions are given in Table 13.17 . 

Table 13.17 Brenner and Riddell electroless nickel solutions ...

RidR51 Riddell, R. J. Contributions to the theory of condensation. Ph.D. Dissertation. University of Michigan, 1951. RidR53 Riddell, R. J., Uhlenbeck, G. E. On the theory of the virial development of the equation of state of mono-atomic gases. J. Chem. Phys. 21 (1953) 2056. 

Cooper LJ, Kalos M, Lewinsohn DA, Riddell SR, Greenberg PD (2000) Transfer of specificity for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 into primary human T lymphocytes by introduction of T-cell receptor genes. J Virol 74 8207-8212... 

Dewar, A.J. (1983). Neurotoxicity. In M. Balls, R.J. Riddell, and A.N. Worden (1983). Animal and Alternatives in Toxicity Testing. London Academic Press, 229-283. 

M Garretro, RH Riddell, CS Winans. Treatment of chronic ulcerative-colitis with poly-ASA—A new nonabsorbable carrier for release of 5-aminosalicylate in the colon. Gastroenterology 84 1162, 1983. 

Riddell RJ, Panacer DS, Wilde SM, et al. 1986. The importance of exposure period and cell type in in vitro cytotoxicity tests. Altern Lab Anim 14 86-92. 

Brenner and Riddell are credited with developing the first successful electroless deposition process, that for Ni-P, in the 1940 s [1]. However, it should be indicated that they were probably the first to develop an example of a controlled electroless deposition process, since a host of metallization processes existed prior to this that bear similarities to modern-day electroless methods. For example, there existed the well-... 

In 1971, Bob returned with his family to the U.K. to take up an appointment as Reader in chemistry at the new University of Stirling where he was made a full Professor in 1986. In 1988 Bob, along with myself and Frank Riddell, transferred to St. Andrews to spend what... 

Brown, VK. (1983). Acute toxicity testing. In Animals and Alternatives in Toxicity Testing (Bals, M., Riddell, R. and Worden, A., Eds.). Academic Press, New York, pp. 1-13. 

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