Reuse of material

Recychng (or reuse) refers to the use (or reuse) of materials that would otherwise be disposed of or treated as a waste product. A good example is a rechargeable battery. Wastes that cannot be directly reused may often be recovered on-site through methods such as distillation. When on-site recoveiy or reuse is not feasible due to quality specifications or the inability to perform recoveiy on-site, off-site recoveiy at a permitted commerci recoveiy facihty is often a possibility. Such management techniqiies are considered secondaiy to source reduc tion and should only oe used when pollution cannot be prevented. 

Manual Component Separation The manual separation of solid-waste components can be accomplished at the source where solid wastes are generated, at a transfer station, at a centralized processing station, or at the disposal site. Manual sorting at the source of generation is the most positive way to achieve the recoveiy and reuse of materials. The number and types of components salvaged or sorted (e.g., cardboard and high-quality paper, metals, and wood) depend on the location, the opportunities for recycling, and the resale market. There has been an evolution in the solid waste indus-tiy to combine manual and automatic separation techniques to reduce overall costs and produce a cleaner product, especially for recyclable materials. 

Approaches to Process Validation Process Validation Program Periodic Review of Validated Systems Cleaning Validation Validation of Analytical methods Change Control, Rejection, and Reuse of Materials Rejection Reprocessing Reworking... 

EPA 1994. Handbook, Recycling and. Reuse of Material Found on Superfund. Sites. US Environmental Protection Agency, EPA-625/R-94-004. 

Reinforcing agents, 11, 151-152 Renewable sources, 185-186,199-201, 200 Repeat units, 15,22, 261 Resins, 4, 261 Bakelite, 56-57 thermoset, 6, 57 Reuse of materials, 199 Rheology, 120... 

Chemical separations are used to reduce the quantity of potentially toxic or hazardous materials discharged to the environment. In addition, separations that lead to recovery, recycle, or reuse of materials also prevent discharge. 

Handbook of Recycling and Reuse of Material Found on Superfund Sites,... 

U.S. EPA. 1994. Handbook Recycling and Reuse of Material Found on Superfund Sites, EPA/625/ R-94/004, Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC, September, pp. 51-53. 

Derivation of discharge limits is important in order to keep releases of radionuclides into the environment at an acceptable level. The derivation of such limits for waste management facilities is a planned activity widiin the RADWASS programme [3]. Although the preferred approach to radioactive waste management is concentration and containment of radionuclides rather tl dilution and dispersion in the environment radioactive substances may be released within authorized limits and also through the reuse of materials. When radionuclides are released into the environment, species other than humans should be taken into consideration. The presence of humans should generally be assumed in the assessment of impacts on the environment. 

The recycle and reuse of materials and equipment have been increasing during recent years, partly because of a recognition of the economic opportunities presented, but also because of an increased societal awareness of the desirability of conserving raw materials and natural resources. 

Limited amounts of recycle and reuse of materials from the nuclear industry have taken place in western countries. Usually it has been permitted on a case-by-case basis rather than under the terms of a generic national policy. These experiences have included unrestricted reuse/recycle of scrap metals and concrete and the reuse/recycle of metals within the nuclear industry and for specific applications outside the nuclear industry. In addition, there is experience of release of materials for disposal in public dumping grounds in many countries [4, 5, 6]. 

INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY, Application of Exemption Principles to the Recycle and Reuse of Materials from Nuclear Facilities, IAEA Safety Series No. 111-P-1.1 (1992). 

The concept of green chemistry comprises the attempts to develop novel methodologies and technologies that are less harmful to the environment and human health on the planet. Environmental safety procedure to reduce waste and reuse of materials has driven studies into green chemistry hence covering the concept of green chemistry as ... 

Savings based on the reuse of materials previously sent for disposal or income from sale of recyclable materials. 

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