Retinol mass spectrometry

Li, H. et ah. Determination of carotenoids and all-fra 5-retinol in fish eggs by liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. B, 816, 49, 2005. 

Wingerath, T. et al. (1999). Analysis of cyclic and acyclic analogs of retinol, retinoic acid, and retinal by laser desorption ionization-, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectrometry, and UV/Vis. spectroscopy. Anal. Biochem. 272(2) 232-242. 

Wang, Y. Xu, X. van Lieshout, M. West, C.E. Lugtenburg, J. Verhoeven, M.A. Creemers, A.F.L. Muhilal and van Breemen, R.B. 2000. A liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method for the quantification of bioavailability and bioconversion of P-carotene to retinol in humans. Anal. Chem. 72 4999-5003. 

Plasma was separated by centrifugation and the concentrations of total (deuterated and protonated) /3-carotene and total retinol in all plasma specimens (after saponification) were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) the fractional standard deviation (FSD) of the analytical method was <0.04. Ratios of /3-carotene-dg//3-carotene in all plasma specimens were determined by HPLC the FSD of this analytical method was 0.0325. Ratios of retinol-dVretinol in all plasma specimens were determined by gas chromatography mass spectrometry the FSD of this method was 0.045. Details of these laboratory analytical procedures are previously described (Handelman etal., 1993 Dueker etaL, 1993,1994). The physiologic compartmental model of the dynamics of /3-carotene metabolism based on these data is also previously described (Novotny et al.,... 

Electron impact ionization (El) and chemical ionization (Cl) mass spectrometry using a direct insertion probe continue to be used for molecular weight confirmation and identification of purified retinoids. Retinoid fragmentation patterns are useful for identification, especially when mass spectra of unknown compounds are compared to those of reference standards. For example. Buck et al. (284) used El and Cl mass spectrometry with a direct insertion probe to identify retinol as an essential growth factor for the culturing of human B cells, and Lakshman et al. (285,286) used El mass spectrometry to identify retinal O-ethyloxime. Barua (287) reported the desorption chemical ionization mass spectra of retinoyl P-glucuronide after methylation with diazomethane and pertrimethylsilylation. Molecular ions were detected in very low abundance. 

In another approach using stable isotopes to measure retinoids in human serum, Parker and coworkers (296,297) studied the absorption and metabolism of C-labeled P-carotene using GC-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. Retinol and retinyl esters were separated using HPLC, the retinyl esters were hydrolyzed to retinol, and each retinol sample was analyzed using GC-isotope ratio mass spectrometry. As the retinol peak eluted from the GC, it was combusted to carbon dioxide, and the C02/ C02 ratio was measured using an isotope ratio mass spectrometer. In a similar way, lutein isolated from C3 and C4 plant sources was hydrogenated to perhydrocarotene which was subjected to GC-combustion-inter-faced isotope ratio-mass spectrometry (GC-C-IR-MS) to determine natural abundance C in lutein (298). 

C Eckhoff, W Wittfoht, H Nau, W Slikker. Characterization of oxidized and gluc-uronidated metabolites of retinol in monkey plasma by thermospray liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. Biomed Environ Mass Spectrom 19 428-433, 1990. 

RB van Breemen, D Nikolic, X Xu, Y Xiong, M van Lieshout, CE West, AB Schilling. Development of a method for quantitation of retinol and retinyl palmitate in human serum using high performance liquid chromatography-ahnospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 794 245-251, 1998. R Andreoli, M Careri, P Manini, G Mori, M Musci. HPLC analysis of fat-soluble vitamins on standard and narrow-bore columns with UV, electrochemical and particle beam MS detection Chromatographia 44 605-612, 1997. 

Rostom, A. A. Sunde, M. Richardson, S. J. Schreiber, G. Jarvis, S. Bateman, R. Dobson, C. M. Robinson, C. V, Dissection of multi-protein complexes using mass spectrometry subunit interactions in transthyretin and retinol-binding protein complexes. ProteinsStructure Function and Genetics 1998, 3-11. 

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