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Respiratory infections erythromycin effect

Azithromycin achieves high concentrations in tissues relative to those in plasma. It remains largely unmetabolised and is excreted in the bile and faeces (t) 50h). Azithromycin is used to treat respiratory tract and soft tissue infections, and sexually transmitted diseases, especially genital Chlamydia infections. Gastrointestinal effects (9%) are less than with erythromycin but diarrhoea, nausea and abdominal pain occur. In view of its high hepatic excretion use in patients with liver disease should be avoided. Interactions see erythromycin (above). [Pg.228]

Numerous studies have compared azithromycin with other antibiotics in the treatment of LRTIs. One study demonstrated that the efficacy of a 5-day azithromycin regimen was comparable to a 7- to 10-day course of erythromycin or amoxicillin [233]. Other studies have shown that a 5-day course of azithromycin was as effective as a 10-day course of cefaclor [234, 235] or co-amoxiclav [236] in the treatment of LRTIs, which included cases of CAP and AIECB. Several studies of AIECB, CAP, and/or acute bronchitis have shown that a short course of azithromycin is equivalent to a 10-day course of co-amoxiclav [237], a 10-day course of clarithromycin [238], or a 10-day course of roxithromycin [151]. A comparative study of weekly azithromycin (500 mg/week) with I.M. benzathine penicillin G (1.2 MU, once) in military recruits revealed that azithromycin was more effective than benzathine penicillin G in the prevention of respiratory infections caused by typical bacterial pathogens [239]. [Pg.375]

Erythromycin - From 4 to 10% of children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infections are afflicted with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (primary atypical pneumonia). in the search for more effective ways to combat this infection erythromycin proved to be clearly the most active of 21 commonly used antibiotics against 5 strains of M pneumoniae in vitro.72... [Pg.98]

Erythromycin is a macrolide antibiotic widely used for the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections. Recent reports further showed that EM and its analogues are effective for the treatment of chronic airway diseases such as DPB, bronchial asthma, and chronic sinusitis [5, 15, 32]. This effectiveness is considered to be apart from their antimicrobial actions, because they are effective at half of the recommended dosage and even in cases without concomitant infection. Its precise mechanisms, however, remain unclear. Several cytokines including IL-1, TNF-a, and IL-8 have been reported to be elevated in HALF from patients with such airway inflammatory diseases (Table II), and to be decreased... [Pg.546]

Erythromycin A, the major fermentation component of S. erythraea, is a 14-membered ring macrolide that is used by medicinal chemists as the foundation for building semisynthetic derivatives of erythromycin antibiotics. (Macrohdes inhibit bacteria by interfering with microbial protein biosynthesis.) Semisynthetic macrolides are popular with clinicians because they can be administered orally and have relatively low toxicity. They are often used to treat respiratory tract infections, and have been especially effective against conditions such as Legionnaires disease and community-acquired pneumonia. Erythromycin therapy is often prescribed for individuals allergic to penicillin. One of the most widely used macrohde antibiotics... [Pg.79]

Oleandomycin, a 14-membered ring macrolide antibiotic, was isolated in 1956 from fermentation broths of Streptomyces antibioticus [360]. Some years later, oleandomycin was assigned the structure 340 on the basis of its chemical degradation [361]. Oleandomycin is effective, but less potently, against the same spectrum of bacteria as erythromycin, namely Gram-positive bacteria such as staphylococci, streptococci, and pneumococci. The antimicrobial activity of oleandomycin, when combined with tetracycline, is potentiated. In fact, in such a combination it is sold as an antibacterial agent for upper and lower respiratory tract infection. [Pg.198]


See other pages where Respiratory infections erythromycin effect is mentioned: [Pg.31]    [Pg.365]    [Pg.126]    [Pg.231]    [Pg.99]    [Pg.283]    [Pg.228]    [Pg.350]    [Pg.1946]    [Pg.2137]    [Pg.111]    [Pg.367]    [Pg.371]    [Pg.534]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.534 , Pg.535 ]




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