Resources stockpiling

Planning the resources, stockpiling the medicine, training the responders education of population and especially young generation, and preparing the community are essential for an appropriate response in chemical crisis. 

The modular approach is based upon the current capacity of the OPCW in terms of offers of assistance by States Parties (in the form of material and personnel), and the capacity of the Secretariat to store, maintain, transport, and distribute the items and resources most likely to be needed should a CW-related emergency arise. The components of this approach would involve a central stockpile of resources and equipment in the Organisation s headquarters, available for immediate dispatch to a requesting State Party, and in addition, stockpiles of resources which have been offered by States Parties and organised in the form of modules. The modules would be categorised into basic assistance modules (BAMs) for emergency assistance, and specialised assistance modules (SAMs) for supplementary and humanitarian assistance. The Secretariat would store BAMs and a very limited stockpile of humanitarian assistance, while both BAMs and SAMs would be stockpiled by the States Parties. The basic module could consist of pallet-packed items, ready to be airlifted within 12 hours after the request for assistance has been received. The BAMs in the headquarters stockpile will be identical to the BAMs stored by States Parties. This will facilitate identification, packing, dispatch, and the delivery of assistance. 

Current stockpiles of base metals, aluminum, and ferrous products indicate that mine production has not yet been restricted enough so as to allow consumption of metals to reach an equilibrium with mine production. Even given this observation, some companies and countries are increasing metals production from mines so as to exert greater influence on the economics of a particular metals commodity this Is true for major and intermediate mining companies, and countries with substantial base metal or ferrous mineral resources. 

Threats of aggression can come in all shapes and sizes, so defenses have to be versatile. The largest-scale threat is war between nations. Rulers of nations always seem to be wanting the resources of neighboring countries, so threatened countries have to defend themselves or suffer unpleasant consequences. In modern times, countries can have very sophisticated means of defense indeed. The United States has stockpiled atomic bombs if some other country shakes its proverbial fist at us, we can rattle our bombs at them. If threats escalate to violence and we don t wish to use atomic bombs for one reason or another, then other machines can be deployed jets that drop smart bombs, AWACS planes that monitor the air space for many miles, tanks equipped for night combat, surface-to-air-missiles that shoot down surface-to-surface missiles, and much more. To the techno-war-monger, we live in a golden age. 

As the Chemical Stockpile Disposal Program has matured, there has been only limited use of the data-in-lieu-of regulatory mechanism provided for in the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. This provision, if applied more extensively to chemical agent disposal facilities, could allow data from other similar incinerators at chemical agent disposal facilities to be used in lieu of conducting additional agent trial burns. 

A problem that is specihc to developing countries is the lack of knowledge on how to dispose of stockpiles of POPs. This problem epitomizes the link between economic and technical issues since developing countries usually lack both the financial resources and technical capacity to dispose of significant stockpiles of POPs. 

The Review Document reaffirmed the obligation of the CW-possessors to destroy their CW stockpiles within the CWC-specified timelines, and urged them to exploit scientific and technological developments to enable more effective use of verification resources. It also called on other States Parties to support these efforts and provide assistance where possible. In addition, the RevCon reiterated the obligation of States Parties possessing converted former CW production facilities to report annually for 10 years on the activities at those sites and to open them to inspection. 

The release of a nerve agent near a school would put a strain on local prehospital and in-hospital resources, with airway equipment, supplies of 2-PAM and atropine, and pediatric intensive care beds being quickly used and depleted (Aghababian, 2002). Therefore, health care professionals should know how their community accesses the Strategic National Stockpile (SNS) and other resources to obtain medications and supplies in a timely manner. Additionally, hospitals should keep a 48-hour supply of pediatric equipment and pharmaceuticals on hand for their average daily census of pediatric patients, plus an additional 100 patients (Markenson Redlener, 2004). Stockpiled pharmaceuticals and equipment should be specifically for pediatric use or appropriately substituted for such use (Markenson Redlener, 2004). Hospital operations and preparedness policies should include pediatric care and treatment guidelines (Markenson Redlener, 2004). 

One program is the ongoing effort by the Department of Defense (DOD) to demilitarize unneeded portions of its massive stockpile of ammunition and explosives. The trend is away from open buming/open detonation (OB/OD) and toward new demilitarization technologies allowing resource recovery and recycling. The second program is the remediation of ordnance and explosives waste (OEW) from both active and formerly used defense sites (FUDS). 

Stockpiled Materiel in Magazine One traditional treatment method for demilitarization of conventional ordnance is open bum/open detonation. Incomplete destruction may produce unacceptable air emissions and contaminate soil and water resources (surface and groundwater). An innovative technology to eliminate open burn/open detonation is needed. 

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