Research studies duration

Gossop M, Marsden J, Stewart D Kidd T (2003). The National Treatment Outcome Research Study (NTORS) 4-5 year followup results. Addiction, 98, 291-303 Gossop M, Stewart D Marsden J (2006). Effectiveness of drugs and alcohol counselling during methadone treatment content, frequency, and duration of counselling and association with substance use outcomes. Addiction, 101, 404-12... 

One study evaluated only the cognitive effects of single doses of 0.125-mg triazolam ( 324). Although the others assessed hypnotic efficacy, in all but one of these, study duration was 2 to 14 nights. In the remaining study, with a duration of 3 to 9 weeks, five of 22 elderly subjects (23%) were taken off triazolam between the third and fifth weeks because of serious adverse effects ( 323). The researchers reported, At week 3 significantly more triazolam patients were rated as more restless during the day (p < 0.05) and they also appeared more hostile, less relaxed, more irritable, and more anxious. After withdrawal of triazolam, these adverse reports... 

Other research must also be conducted concerning alternative therapy for menopause and a variety of issues linked to health risk and the duration of hormone therapy use. In 1994, the World Health Organization scientific group announced a series of recommendations for research concerning physical and psychological aspects of menopause. Such research studies are ongoing. 

Tom Krause is well known for his work in behavior-based safety. He documented the first long-term success of behavioral safety. His data showed that 73 companies were able to sustain and continue safety improvements for five years following implementation (Krause et ak, 1999). This work is particularly significant because many of the early interventions appeared to be short lived, lasting only for the duration of the research study. 

Several other antigens with good immunocontraceptive potential have been identified and investigated in laboratory animals. In most studies, the rate and duration of the immunocontraceptive effect are less than acceptable. A potential problem in immunological approaches to antifertUity research is the need for a safe, effective adjuvant and suitable animal models for evaluating the efficacy and safety of methods (111). Newer and more effective adjuvants are required for contraceptive vaccines and vaccines in general. 

This case study is interesting in that one hazardous waste (acrylonitrile) was quickly rendered nonhazardous after injection, whereas another (sodium thiocyanate) showed no evidence of decomposition during the duration of the study. The implication for geochemical fate assessment is that research should focus on the compounds likely to be most resistant to decomposition or immobilization, as they will be the ones most critical in demonstrating containment in a no-migration petition. 

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