Reproductive system, toxicology

Thomas, J. A. (1996). Toxic responses of the reproductive system. In Casarett and Doull s Toxicology The Basic Science of Poisons (C. D. Klaassen, Ed.), pp. 547-581. McGraw-Hill, New York. 

Dixon RL. 1980. Toxic responses of the reproductive system. In Doull J, Klaassen CD, Amdur MO.eds. Toxicology The basic science of poisons. New York, NY Macmillan Publlishing Co., Inc., 332- 354. 

Toxicology. Methoxychlor at high concentrations is a convulsant in animals it causes effects to the reproductive system. 

Toxicology. 2-Methoxyethyl acetate affects the central nervous system, the hematopoietic system, and the reproductive system in animals. 

McLachlan JA Newbold R (1989) End points for assessing reproductive toxicology in the female. In Working PK ed. Toxicology of the male and female reproductive systems. New York, Hemisphere Publishing, pp 173-178. 

Lamb JC, Foster PMB. eds. Physiology and Toxicology of the Male Reproductive System. London Academic Press, 1988. 

Thomas MJ, Thomas JA. Toxic responses of the reproductive system. In Klaassen CD, ed. Cassarett and DouII s Toxicology, The Basic Science of Toxicology. 6th ed. New York McGraw Hill, 2001. 

The reproductive systems of both males and females are suceptible to adverse effects of toxic substances. The study of these effects is called reproductive toxicology. 

As indicated above and discussed below, the health effects of DEHP are generally well characterized by the oral route in laboratory animal models. While additional information is always desirable, from a health assessment perspective, there appear to be few overriding needs for additional toxicological information for the principal route of human exposure to DEHP. Of particular importance are additional data that could enable derivation of an acute-duration oral MRL, which is currently precluded by insufficient information on male reproductive system development in offspring acutely exposed during gestation and/or lactation. 

The survival of all species depends on the integrity of its reproductive system. Reproductive toxicology may be defined as the study of the effects of physical and chemical agents on the reproductive and neuroendocrine systems of adult males and females, as well as those of the embryo, fetus, neonate, and prepubertal animal. This chapter focuses primarily on the potential sites of toxic insult in the reproductive systems of adult mammals, the biochemical mechanisms of such toxicants, and the manifestations that may result. The latter part of the above definition is a subspecialty of developmental toxicology (Chapter 34) and is discussed only in brief. 

Figure 33.2. Endocrine feedback loops of the mammalian hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis. (Adapted from La Barbera A. R. Differentiation and function of the female reproductive system. In Boekelheide, K., Chapin, R. E., Hoyer, P. B., and Harris, C. (Eds.). Comprehensive Toxicology, Vol. 10, Reproductive and Endocrine Toxicology, Elsevier, New York, 1997, pp. 255-272 and Creasy, D. M., and Foster, P. M. D. Male reproductive system. In Haschek, W. M., Rousseaux, C. G. and Wallig, M. A. (Eds.). Handbook of Toxicologic Pathology, 2nd ed., Academic Press, San Diego, 2002,pp. 785-846. E2, estradiol T, testosterone, DHT, dihydrotestosterone, FSH, follicle stimulating hormone LH, luteinizing hormone.

Lamb, J.C., IV. 1989. Design and use of multigeneration breeding studies for identification of reproductive toxicants. Pp. 131-155 in Toxicology of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems, P.K. Working, ed. New York Hemisphere Publishing. 

See also Developmental Toxicology Environmental Hormone Disrupters Reproductive System, Female. 

See also Androgens Diethylstilbestrol Environmental Hormone Disruptors Radiation Toxicology, Ionizing and Nonionizing Reproductive System, Female Reproductive System, Male Toxicity Testing, Reproductive. 

Reproductive System, Male Skeletal System Toxicology,... 

The second issue regarding the study of female reproductive toxicology is that of the complexities within the female reproductive system. The degree that the female reproductive system is considered to be more complex, compared to the male, is not necessarily the issue since this supposition is debatable. 

Working PK (1989) Toxicology of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems. New York Hemisphere. 

Figure 2 Schematic representation of the structure of the testis. (Reproduced from Working PK (1989) Toxicology of the Male and Female Reproductive Systems. New York Hemisphere, with permission from Taylor and Francis, Inc.)...

Figure 5 Neuroendocrine control of the male reproductive system. (Reproduced from Heindei JJ and Treinen KA (1989) Physioiogy of the maie reproductive system Endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine reguiation. Toxicology Pathology 17 (2) 411-445, with permission from Sociefy of Toxicoiogic Pathology.)...

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