Renal failure, acute intrinsic

Roth spots Endocarditis Acute intrinsic renal failure—acute glomerulonephritis... 

Common laboratory tests are used to classify the cause of ARF. Functional ARF, which is not included in this table, would have laboratory values similar to those seen in prerenal azotemia. However, the urine osmolality-to-plasma osmolality ratios may not exceed 1.5, depending on the circulating levels of antidiuretic hormone. The laboratory results listed under acute intrinsic renal failure are those seen in acute tubular necrosis, the most common cause of acute intrinsic renal failure. 

Prakash J, Sen D, Kumar NS, Kumar H, Tripathi LK, Saxena RK. Acute renal failure due to intrinsic renal diseases Review of 1122 cases. Ren Fail 2003 25 225-33. 

Acute intrinsic renal failure Vascular Vasculitis Polyarteritis nodosa Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura Hemolytic uremic syndrome Emboli Cholesterol Thrombotic... 

Acute intrinsic renal failure results from damage to the kidney itself. Conceptually, acute intrinsic renal failure can best be understood in terms of the structures within the kidney the small blood vessels. 

Hollenhorst plaque Cholesterol emboli Acute intrinsic renal failure—vascular... 

Laboratory Test Prerenal Azotemia Acute Intrinsic Renal Failure Postrenal Obstruction... 

Chronic renal failure almost always is caused by intrinsic renal diseases and is characterized by slow, progressive development. Unlike the acute condition, chronic renal impairment generally is irreversible. The degree or loss of kidney functional capacity in the chronic condition is best described in terms of the intact nephron hypothesis, in which the diseased kidney is comprised of nephrons that are essentially nonfunctional because of pathologic conditions together with normal nephrons. Progressive renal impairment is the result of an increasing fraction of nonfunctional nephrons. 

Brown CB, CS, Cameron JS, Bewick M. High dose frusemide in acute reversible intrinsic renal failure. A preliminary ccmmunicadcm. Scott MedJ ( 974) 19,35-9. 

McCarthy JT, Torres VE, Romero JC, Wochos DN, Velosa lA Acute intrinsic renal failure induced by indom ethacin role of prostaglandin synthetase inhibitioiL Mayo Ctin Proc (1982) 57,289-96. 

McCarthy, J.T., Torres, V.E. and Romero, J.C., Wochos, D.N. and Velosa, J.A. (1982). Acute intrinsic renal failure induced by indomethacin Role of prostaglandin synthetase inhibition. Mayo Clin. Proc., 57, 289—96... 

Table 19.1. The most common causes of acute renal failure with regard to the major pathogenetic mechanisms perirenal causes, intrinsic renal failure and postrenal etiology (modified from Andreoli 1999)...

V-Ethyl carbamate esters of fenoldopam, used for treatment of acute circulatory failure, provide another example of a carbamate ester prodrug. The intrinsically short half-life and extensive first-pass metabolism of fenoldopam limit its oral administration. /V-Ethyl carbamate esters of fenoldopam provide elevated plasma fenoldopam levels and increases in the renal blood flow of significantly greater duration than when the parent compound is administered orally [30],... 

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