Remote sensing platforms

A new development in the use of GPS is the deployment of multiple antenna arrays for the purpose of determining the attitude of a platform. Although initially the work was confined to military applications, currently proposed uses include the spatial orientation of survey vessels, photogrammetric cameras, and remote sensing platforms. The latter would eliminate the need for the provision of ground control which is required at present for absolute orientation . 

Stratification is facilitated by on-ground sampling, remote sensing, and geographic information systems (GIS). Relevant remote-sensing platforms include aerial photography, airborne lidar, and satellites. After stratification, the annual yields of the entire forest can be tallied from the yield tables. 

A variety of remote-sensing platforms are used to study forests. Hyperspectral and lidar combined in a light aircraft provide the most detailed information, such as forest health, species distribution, canopy structure, and individual tree height. Urban forests in the northern United States may serve as seed sources for southern species during their northern migration, necessary for their conservation under climate change, but the urban trees may also enable invasion by exotic species. 

Indian Remote Sensing (IRS) Satellite For resource monitoring and management. IRS Satellite provides a convenient platform for rapid resource survey-minerals, water, agriculture, forest etc. covering large areas and in sufficient detail. 

In theory, spatially resolved measurements of concentrations of atmospheric trace substances could be made by remote sensing from either surface-based or satellite platforms, but remote sensing capabilities have not yet been developed for many species. Furthermore, both surface- and satellite-based remote sensing methods have distinct limitations in resolving... 

In the next few years a number of important atmospheric remote sensing missions are planned by NASDA, NASA and ESA. NASDA has constructed a second ADEOS satellite which will have POLDER and ILAS-II (Improved Limb Atmospheric Sounder) on board. The NASA-TERRA platform was launched at the end of 1999 and has the MOPITT instrument (Measurement of Pollution in the Troposphere), which aims to measure vertical profiles of carbon monoxide and methane in the troposphere. MOPITT is a Canadian instrument supported by an international science team. 

Kudela, R. M., and Chavez, F. P. (2002). Multi-platform remote sensing of new production in central California during the 1997—1998 El Nino. Prog. Oceanog. 54, 233—249. 

Looking at the present state of marine pollution remote sensing it was outlined that basic and advanced sensors are available for an effective airborne surveillance. While the basic sensors (SLAR, IR/UV) are currently installed in nearly every platform, the advanced sensors (LFS, MWR) are only present at a few, dedicated aircraft. However this is likely to change, since several nations are at the step of defining new sensor systems in the next years. Within these system upgrades, FLIR thermal imagers with a laser illuminator will be prominent, since they offer... 

Platforms manned-unmanned aircraft, balloons, trains, vans In situ or remote sensors with 0.01 to 10 second response Remote Sensing (Trends and Distributions)... 

The U.S. Navy has developed a vibration embedment anchor for use in shallow or deep water. The vibrator drive unit uses two counter-rotating eccentric masses to develop the vibrational force applied to the anchor fluke. The vibration unit can be either electrically or hydraulically powered and the vibrator and support frame can be recovered after the anchor is installed. The present system uses a Y-fluke that penetrates the sediment in a low-profile configuration and is keyed by pulling back on the anchor line to develop maximum breakout resistance. The support platform uses remote sensing to determine the... 

MeteorologicaL Meteorological remote sensing includes mapping phenomena such as cloud coverage (spectral), wind speed and direction (by sodar, or sonic detection and ranging), and rainfeU (radar). Sensors are on both terrestrial and satellite platforms. 

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