Remedial technologies factors affecting

Factors Affecting Potentially Applicable Remedial Technologies... 

The following factors may affect the potentially applicable remedial technologies ... 

The costs were provided by the vendor for a treatment system using International Environmental Technologies (lET), Inc., barrier (T0424) with Biodrain for in situ bioremediation. Remediation costs using this method were estimated to be between 35 and 40/yd of waste treated in 1992. Depth of contamination and quantity of waste were cited as being the most important factors affecting price (D15333D, p. A-8). 

According to the vendor. Remediation Technologies, Inc. (RETEC), slurry-phase bioremediation technology costs 30 to 600 per ton of waste treated. Among the factors that affect the... 

Over the past 15 years, almost half a million sites with potential contamination have been reported to state or federal authorities. Over the next decade, federal, state, and local governments and private industries will continue their efforts in the remediation of contaminated sites. This continuing demand for site remediation services and for the technology to treat the different waste streams makes physicochemical treatment processes important for environmental remediation. Remediation technologies in use and factors that affect the demand for remediation technologies are presented here for each program. 

For each potential remedy identified for evaluation, the effectiveness must be evaluated in order to determine whether the remedy is capable of achieving all of the remedial action objectives. The evaluation of effectiveness for each remedial action should be made within the context of the conceptual site model (i.e., the contaminants, physical and hydrogeologic conditions, and other site-specific factors affecting technology effectiveness). A number of resources are available to assist with the evaluation of technical effectiveness of potential remedial actions ... 

Braida, W. J., and S. K. Ong. 1997. Factors Affecting Air Sparging Remediation Technologies, in Proceedings cf the Fourth International Symposium on bi-Situ and On-Site Bioremediation, Batelle Press, Columbus, OH, vol. 1, pp. 187—192. 

The major limitations of this technology are those factors that limit bacterial growth, such as temperature extremes, pH (below 3 or above 10), and presence of other contaminants detrimental to bacteria life. Remediation of petroleum contaminants using FyreZyme can be accomplished under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions however, remediation under aerobic conditions is faster and more complete. Other factors that may affect speed and completion of contaminant breakdown include moisture level, soil properties, and microbe mobility. In addition, the shelf life of FyreZyme is reduced from 5 to 2 years at temperatures above 100°F. 

Surtek s surfactant remediation is limited by the same factors that affect any pump-and-treat technology. Performance may be reduced in areas with low hydraulic conductivity or high soil heterogeneity. Incorrect formulation and application of the Surtek method can also make NAPLs more mobile, thereby increasing their potential to migrate to previously uncontaminated areas. In addition, no complete process for the treatment of fiuid extracted by the process has been identified. 

The results presented in this section indicate that all surfactants may not be suitable for surfactant-enhanced desorption. Multiple factors may influence the suitability of a surfactant for surfactant-enhanced desorption. These factors have been discussed previously. It is clear that additional research is needed to better understand how surfactant molecular structure and soil composition/chemistry affect the rate of solute desorption. However, the results presented in this chapter and in other studies indicate that surfactant-enhanced remediation of aquifers is a promising technology that needs to be explored. 

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